marzanoresearch.com College and Career Readiness Skills

marzanoresearch.com Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Presenting and Supporting Claims Instead of simply providing activities that require students to present and support claims, the teacher also instructs students in a process for presenting and supporting claims. 1.Claim –Fact –Value –Action 2.Grounds – “Because” 3.Backing –Factual information –Expert opinion –Research results 4.Qualifiers

marzanoresearch.com Argument Prompts I believe that_______ I believe this because_______ The evidence for what I believe is______ However,______________

marzanoresearch.com Claims for young children My new idea ________________ My first reason why I think it’s true_______ What I actually observed__________ My second reason why I think it’s true____ What I actually observed_________

marzanoresearch.com Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Generating conclusions Premise Conclusion

marzanoresearch.com Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Identifying common logical errors Faulty logic Attacks Weak reference Misinformation

marzanoresearch.com Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Basic relationships between ideas: Bonnie Meyer’s work

marzanoresearch.com Text Structure Signal Words and Phrases Description structures enumerate attributes, specifics, or setting information about a topic. For example, a descriptive passage about monkeys might describe the physical characteristics of monkeys, describe one particular type of monkey, describe the environment of monkeys, and so on. Newspaper articles often use a descriptive plan, telling about who, where, how, and when. attributes of, characteristics are, for example, for instance, in describing, marks of, namely, properties of, qualities are, specifically, such as, that is, this particular, which was one

marzanoresearch.com Text Structure Signal Words and Phrases Sequence structures group ideas based on order or time. A number of items are ordered in a continuous progression related to a particular topic. Recipes often follow a sequence structure, explaining which ingredients should be added first, next, then, and last. Historical accounts and stories also typically use sequence structures. after, afterwards, as time passed, before, continuing on, early, finally, following, in the first place, last, later, more recently, soon, to begin with, to end, years ago

marzanoresearch.com Text Structure Signal Words and Phrases Causation structures present ideas in cause and effect relationships. Directions typically follow a causation sequence: If you want a certain outcome (effect), then follow these steps (cause). Explanations of a particular event may also follow causation structures, explaining the reasons or causes behind it. as a result, because, caused, consequence, consequently, for the purpose of, if/then, in explanation, in order to, led to, since, so, the reason, therefore, this is why, thus

marzanoresearch.com Text Structure Signal Words and Phrases Problem/Solution structures organize ideas into two main parts: the problem part and the solution part. Texts that feature questions and answers often follow problem/solution structures. For example, a scientific article raises a problem or question and then seeks to provide a solution or answer to the question. answer, comeback, enigma, issue, need to prevent, perplexity, problem, puzzle, query, question, rejoinder, reply, response, return, riddle, solution, the trouble, to satisfy the problem, to set the issue at rest, to solve these problems

marzanoresearch.com Text Structure Signal Words and Phrases Comparison structures relate ideas to each other on the basis of their similarities and differences. These can be simple (comparing different brands of laundry detergent) or more complex (comparing beliefs about God or legal arguments). Sometimes an author will present both sides of an issue without recommending one over the other. Other times, as in political speeches, one side of the issue will be portrayed as correct and the other side as incorrect. act like, alike, all but, although, but, compare to, difference, different, differentiate, have in common, however, in comparison, in contrast, in opposition, instead, not everyone, on the other hand, resemble, share, the same as, unlike, whereas, while

marzanoresearch.com Top-Level Structures Subordinate Structures Details

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Basic relationships: Similarities and Difference

marzanoresearch.com Comparing Identifying and describing similarities and differences among items.

marzanoresearch.com A and B are similar because they both ________________ A and B are different because A is __________, but B is ___________.

marzanoresearch.com Fractions and Decimals are similar because they both________________. ________________. ________________. Fractions and Decimals are different because Fractions __, but Decimals __. Fractions __, but Decimals __.

marzanoresearch.com A monarchy and a dictatorship are similar because they both________________. ________________. ________________. A monarchy and a dictatorship are different because a monarchy___, but a dictatorship____.

marzanoresearch.com Item 1Item 2Item 3 Characteristic 1 Similarities and Differences Characteristic 2 Similarities and Differences Characteristic 3 Similarities and Differences Characteristic 4 Similarities and Differences

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Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Generating and Manipulating Mental Images Graphic organizers Mental models Physical models Thought experiments

marzanoresearch.com Common Patterns / Text Structures Generalization/ Principle Example Time Sequence Descriptions 12 Comparison Effect Cause

marzanoresearch.com Revolution in Egypt Describe the key events organized with time sequence. Then organize key events using a different pattern.

marzanoresearch.com Summary: Growth Death Reproduction The Circle of Life Plant Reproduction With seedsWithout seeds; with spores Conifers Flowering plants Pollen Ovule Male cone Female cone Seed

marzanoresearch.com Summary: Updraft Warm, moist air Cold, dry air Thunderstorm

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Generating and Manipulating Mental Images Graphic organizers Mental models Physical models Thought experiments

marzanoresearch.com Reasoning Processes That Relate to the Common Core Cognitive SkillsConative Skills Generating conclusions Identifying common logical errors Presenting and supporting claims Navigating digital sources Problem solving Decision making Experimenting Investigating Identifying basic relationships between ideas Generating and manipulating mental images Becoming aware of the power of interpretations Cultivating a growth mindset Cultivating resiliency Avoiding negative thinking Taking various perspectives Interacting responsibly Handling controversy and conflict resolution

marzanoresearch.com Metacognitive System Self System Cognitive System Knowledge

marzanoresearch.com Hierarchy of Goals Connection to something greater than self Self actualization Esteem within a community Belonging Safety Physiology