THE NEW GENERATION TRANSMISSION By Ashroo M. Das 6 th sem, EEE & Deepak Kumar 6 th sem, EEE

Introduction Conventional grids- An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers. -the generation -the transmission -the distribution Smart Grids - encompasses grid infrastructure as well as communication and metering technologies.  Reliably connects to distributed renewable generations; increases the efficiency and capacity of the overall grid.  Two-way digital technology. 2

Conventional grids 3

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The Seven Characteristics Enables and motivates active participation by consumers Accommodates all generation and energy storage options Enables new products, services and markets Provides the quality of power required for the digital computer and communication based economy Operates efficiently and optimizes the utilization of existing and new assets Anticipates and responds to system disturbances in a self-healing manner Operates resiliently against attack and natural disaster 5

Smart grid FEATURES 6

1. Load control at residential customer level 7

2. Demand response Demand response refers to mechanisms to manage the customer demands in response to supply conditions. Shed loads in response to a utility request Shed loads in response to market prices On-site generation to reduce the demand 8

The Five Key Technology Areas Integrated communications to allow every part of the grid to both ‘ talk’ and ‘ listen’ Sensing and measurement technologies, to support faster and more accurate response Advanced components, to apply the latest research in superconductivity, power electronics, storage and diagnostics Advanced control methods for monitoring, diagnosing, and addressing any event Improved interfaces and decision support enhance human decision-making 9

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Metering technologies 12

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Intelligent power delivery system 17

Grid friendly appliance(GFA) controller  GFA is a controller that senses grid conditions by monitoring frequency.  If a disturbance is detected, the GFA controller will respond by shedding load. Example:  A GFA-enabled dryer would turn off the heating element but the tumbler would keep turning, resulting in 80-90% load reduction.  Appliances are typically turned off for 1-2 Minutes. 18

Chart of Total Customer Complaints before and after Smart Grid 19

Utilities of smart grid- 20% of Indian electricity from wind in 2030 would create 500,000 gross jobs and $450 billion in economic impact. Reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 25%. Reduces electrical energy consumption by 5-10%, and reduces the cost of power-related disturbances to business by 87%. Transmission networks- generally operated from 345kV to 800kV over AC and DC lines. 20

Conclusion- Enable new energy concepts such as real-time pricing, load shedding, consumption management, cost savings from peak load reduction, cost savings from energy efficiency, integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles for grid energy storage, and the integration of distributed generation such as photovoltaic systems and wind turbines. Smart grid makes distributed generation more practical through demand management. Deployment of many new technologies and multiple communication infrastructures. Improves the power quality. 21

References- 1. L. BÄolÄoni, D. C. Marinescu, J. R. Rice, P. Tsompanopoulu, and E. A. Vavalis. Agent-Based Scientific Simulation and Modeling. Concurrency Practice and Expe- rience, Vol. 12, pp , L. BÄolÄoni, K. K. Jun, K. Palacz, R. Sion, and D. C. Marinescu. The Bond Agent System and Applications. In Agent Systems, Mobile Agents, and Applications, 3. A. Borgia and T. Murata. Tolerating Exceptions in Works: a United Frame - work for Data and Processes. In Proc. Int. Joint Conference on Work Activities, Coordination and Collaboration (WAC-99), D. Georgeakopoulos, W. Prinz, and A. L. Wolf, editors, pp. 59{68, ACM Press, New York, M. Humphrey and M. Thompson. Security Implications of Typical Grid Computing Usage Scenarios. Global Grid Forum document GFD-I.12, October

Thank you Any QUERIES ?????????? 23