The Civil War and Reconstruction By: Savannah Walker, Stacie Biddle & Krysten Collins.

* Causes: * Election of Abraham- Lincoln didn’t believe in slavery. * Slavery- North was against and South was for. * States’ Rights-Southerners believed states had the right to limit the federal government’s powers, and states had the right to secede. * Economy-The South relied on slaves to pick cotton to sell to the North for economic success. North put heavy taxes on goods for the South.

* The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 let Kansas and Nebraska decide if their state would allow slavery. * The Dred Scott Case ruled African Americans did not have the rights of citizens and the U.S. * The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required citizens to help return runaway slaves and denied the fugitive’s right to trial by jury.

* 1. Name three causes of the Civil War. * 2. Kansas and ________ chose if their states would allow slavery. * What case rules African Americans did not have the rights of citizens and the U.S? * What did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 require?

* Slavery, Sectionalism, Economy, Election of Abraham, and States’ Rights.(any of those) * Nebraska, Nebraska * The Dred Scott Case * All citizens are require to help return runaway slaves.

* The U.S. government declared that it was illegal for Texas or any other state to secede. Most southerners disagreed. They argued they had freely joined the Union and could freely leave. * On April 12, 1861, Confederates fired on Ft. Sumter in South Carolina. This marked the beginning f the Civil War. * Texas Confederates retook Galveston and stopped the Union forces at Sabine Pass. (1862)

* Union blockade hurt Texas trade. * The war forced Texans to produce goods for themselves. * Texas was much luckier than other states in the South; - Minor battles - Farms, plantations, and roads suffered less damage Texas Suffers -Government collected crops, livestock, and other items. - Blockade forced Texans to do without coffee, sugar, paper and many other items.

* Why do you think the union blockade hurt Texas trade? * Do you think it was unfair of the Union to put up a blockade? Why or why not?

* President Johnson wished to carry out Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction. * The Southern states had to meet some conditions before reentering the Union. * -had to end slavery * -declare secession illegal * -all adult white males had to take an oath of loyalty to the U.S. * -Southern states could govern themselves again only after they met these terms * The new Texas government declared the end of slavery. * Then began the “black codes.” The codes limited the rights of African Americans.

Ulysses S. Grant was a general in the Civil War on the side of the Union. He led the Union to their first victory at Fort Donelson in Tennessee.

* He was offered to lead the Union forces but declined and became general of the Confederate army. His first military involvment of the Civil War occurred at Cheat Mountain, Virginia on September 11, 1861.