Concentration = Attention? William James: WILL is the combination of attention (focused consciousness) & effort (overcoming distractions, fears…) What.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Confidence in sport Sue Young
Advertisements

Enhance concentration
Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:
Performance Enhancement
What is today’s topic??. WHAT IS TODAYS TOPIC?
SELF CONFIDENCE (2 nd of the 4 C’s) “The most consistent difference between elite and less successful athletes is that elite athletes possess greater self-confidence”
Stress Management. SIT (Stress Inoculation Training) Cognitive-affective stress management Training (SMT) Systematic Desensitization Self-talk strategies.
Concentration = Attention? William James: WILL is the combination of attention (focused consciousness) & effort (overcoming distractions, fears…) What.
ANXIETY SELF-EFFICACY LEARNED HELPLESSNESS
4 Arousal, Stress, and Anxiety chapter. Session Outline Is Arousal the Same As Anxiety? Defining Arousal, Stress, and Anxiety Measuring Arousal and Anxiety.
Self Confidence, Participation and Self- Esteem… Mr. P. Leighton Mental Preparation for Sport Sports Psychology.
Sport Psychology 1 Topic 1: Mental Training Introduction, Self Confidence, Self Awareness.
Arousal, Stress, and Anxiety Arousal, Stress, and Anxiety
Stress and Anxiety. Definitions of Stress Used to describe negative feelings a person experiences in a potentially threatening situation. Seyle (1956)
Mental Skills Training methods & Techniques
Competition is a test of an athlete’s physical and psychological skills.
Using the top two inches to improve our sport
{ Sport Psychology Introduction.  The study of how people think, feel and behave in sport situations, and what mental processes MOTIVATE the way athletes.
SPORT PSYCHOLOGY.
2.2 A Ball of a Time! Sport Psychology.
Mental Skills for Triathlon
AROUSAL, ANXIETY AND STRESS. Arousal is a general physiological and psychological activation, varying in intensity along a continuum. Anxiety is a negative.
Ch. 10 Sports Psychology.
Section B: Psychology of sport performance
Stress Management 2B PES. Stress Management  Arousal, anxiety and stress are all closely related.  AROUSAL: the amount of ‘readiness’ a person experiences.
What Is Imagery? Equivalent terms include visualization, mental rehearsal, mental practice. Imagery involves creating or recreating an experience in your.
Arousal, Anxiety & Stress Gobinder Singh Gill. Aims and Objectives ALL students to identify and define Arousal, Stress and Anxiety MOST students will.
Objectives -Understand the term self-efficacy and self-confidence. -Know how a coach can help develop these. -Understand the term learned helplessness.
Self Confidence and Self-Efficacy
0SBp3A&feature=related 0SBp3A&feature=related.
The Psychology of Sport Gobinder Gill. Set your goals based on the following principles: Short-term goals (short, sharp goals are useful as they benefit.
Mental Training: SELF -TALK Unit IV - Sports Psychology Sports Performance 15 Noreen Baker BPE, BED. W. P. Wagner High School 2006.
Welcome : Employees of WNN “The scent of the rose lingers on the hand that gives it.” Queen Elizabeth.
©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used.
Define Psychology O The scientific study of human behavior and thought processes.
Sports Performance 15 Attentional Control.
Arousal Regulation Arousal Regulation.
Psychological preparation for Archery Tsung-Min Hung, Ph.D. National Taiwan Normal University.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT Week 11. What you need to know… What is Psychological Skills Training? Arousal Mental imagery Concentration Confidence.
Coaching: The Art and Science What the mind can conceive, And the heart can believe, The athlete can achieve!
Stress Management.
A2 Psychology of Sport Self confidence Booklet 4 Skills Working as a team Complete green group tasks Working as an individual Complete yellow individual.
Mental Training : Introduction & Self – Awareness.
Self-Confidence.
(pg )Self - Talk. Technique used in the form of thoughts in an athlete’s head or words actually spoken to improve concentration (Amezdroz et al,
PSYCHOLOGICAL PREPARATION The Role and Use of Sports Psychologists Relaxation Techniques.
Consistency and Composure. Concentration l Focusing attention on the RELEVANT cues in the environment l Maintaining that attentional focus.
Key knowledge – psychological strategies used to enhance performance and aid recovery including sleep, meditation, motivational techniques, optimal arousal,
Mental Game of Refereeing
Psychological skills Using mental skills to help with overall performance.
Concentration = Attention? William James: WILL is the combination of attention (focused consciousness) & effort (overcoming distractions, fears…) What.
Approaches Workbook Circle Breathing – Teacher Answers.
Chapter 7 Concentration: Focus Under Pressure By Clark Perry.
16 Concentration chapter. Session Outline What Is Concentration? Concentration and Optimal Performance Types of Attentional Focus Attentional Problems.
Imagery.
Assignment 3: Exploring psychological factors. P6 = Describe the effects of psychological factors on sports training and performance. M3 = Explain the.
Stress and Stress Management Miss Campbell A2 Psychology in Sport.
Approaches to developing Mental Factors. Learning Outcome I can describe, explain and evaluate different approaches to improving my mental performance.
+ Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory By Katie & Matt.
Sports Psychology Beginning Mental Training Believe in Yourself, Set Goals, and There’s No Mountain You Can’t Climb.
Motor Learning and Skill Acquisition Human Growth and Development Sport Psychology Coaching Sport History.
Chapter 14: Self-Confidence 14 Self-Confidence C H A P T E R.
Mr Beaumont. Understand the need for high self confidence and self efficacy for performance Describe various factors can affect self efficacy Explain.
Sport and Exercise Psychology
Believing in Yourself: Self Confidence
Confidence.
Concentration.
A Level Physical Education
Quick Quiz Define arousal (1) Describe the Drive theory of arousal (2)
Sport Psychology "Nothing can stop the man with the right mental attitude from achieving his goal, nothing on earth can help the man with the wrong attitude"
Presentation transcript:

Concentration = Attention? William James: WILL is the combination of attention (focused consciousness) & effort (overcoming distractions, fears…) What Is Concentration?

Kangaroo Concentration

What Is Concentration? Focusing on relevant environmental cues Selective attention: Select what cues to focus on while disregarding others. Maintaining attentional focus Situation awareness Ability to understand what is going on around oneself (size up a situation). < Three components of concentration

Concentration and Optimal Performance being “absorbed in the present” and having no thoughts about past or future, being mentally relaxed and having a high degree of concentration and control, and practicing & using mental skills routinely, and preparing for adversity Reminder: Elite athlete peak performance is associated with:

Four Types of Attentional Focus WIDTH DIRECTION Broad Narrow External Internal

Shifting Attentional Focus When the environment changes rapidly, attentional focus must also change rapidly. Time pressures during a competition make this difficult.

Attentional Problems Attending to past events (e.g., what was?) Internal distractions Attending to future events (e.g., what if?) “Choking” under pressure Overanalysis of body mechanics Fatigue

Attentional Problems Visual distractions External distractions Auditory distractions Gamesmanship

Foul Play

Choking as an Attentional Problem An attentional process that leads to impaired performance and the inability to retain control over performance

Choking = An Attentional Problem

Exercises for Improving Concentration Learn to maintain focus 1. Learn to shift attention 2. “Park” thoughts 3. Search for relevant cues 4. Perform useless tasks daily; and **6. Practice pre-performance routines 5.

Example of Pre-performance Routine for Tennis Serve Determine positioning and foot placement. 1. Decide on service type and placement. 2. Adjust racquet grip and ball. 3. Take a deep breath. 4. Bounce the ball for rhythm. 5. See and feel the perfect serve. 6. Focus on the ball toss and serve to programmed spot. 7.

Self–Talk: --any self-statement or thought. Appropriate self-talk helps one focus on the present and keeps one’s mind from wandering. Cognitive Models Basis for Cognitive Model Watch Your Language

COGNITIVE EMOTIVE INSIGHTS "People are not upset by things but by their idea of things." Epictetus "Our life is what our thoughts make it." Marcus Aurelius "There is nothing good or bad but thinking makes it so." Shakespeare "The mind is its own place and in itself can make a heaven of hell, or hell of heaven." Milton "The ancestor of every action is a thought - a man is what he thinks about all day long." Emerson

COGNITIVE EMOTIVE INSIGHTS “Man is the inventor of his own happiness.” Thoreau "Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be." Lincoln "You are not what you think you are, but what you think, you are." Norman Vincent Peale "My life has been filled with terrible misfortunes, most of which never happened." Mark Twain “A person’s behavior springs from his/her ideas.” Alfred Adler

How Self–Talk Works Missing an important shot in a tennis match Event “Keep your eye on the ball— this match isn’t over” Self–talk Better concentration, optimism, calmness Emotional & Behavioral Responses

Self–Talk Self-talk and performance enhancement Positive self-talk improves performance. Techniques for improving self-talk Thought stopping: identify negative thought, stop the thought, focus on task-relevant thought. Changing NegaTalk to Posatalk

Changing Negative Self–Talk to Positive Self–Talk NegativePositive “He robbed me on the line call— that ball was in.” “There’s nothing I can do about it now. If I play well and focus, I’ll win anyway.”

DON’T EVER GIVE UP

Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy: The belief that you can successfully perform a desired behavior

Trait self-confidence: The degree of certainty individuals “usually” possess about their ability to succeed. State self-confidence: The belief of certainty individuals possess at a “particular moment” about their ability to succeed. Defining Self–Confidence

Expecting something to happen actually helps cause it to happen. Self–fulfilling prophecy A psychological barrier where the expectations of failure leads to actual failure. Negative self– fulfilling prophecy

Bandura’s Self–Efficacy Theory Self-efficacy provides a model to study the effects of self-confidence on sport performance, persistence, and behavior. Self-efficacy is important when one has the requisite skills and sufficient motivation. (continued)

Bandura’s Self–Efficacy Theory Self-efficacy affects an athlete’s choice of activities, level of effort, and persistence. Although self-efficacy is task-specific, it generalizes to other similar skills and situations. High self-efficacy people set more challenging goals.

Benefits of Self–Confidence Arouses positive emotions Facilitates concentration Affects the setting and pursuit of challenging goals Increases effort Affects game strategies (play to win versus play to lose) Affects psychological momentum

Capriati’s self-talk is evidence of her confidence level after winning the 2001 Australian Open Positive self-talk can also create self- confidence

Levels of Confidence Being so convinced that you will achieve your goals that you strive hard to do so. Optimal confidence Self-doubts create anxiety, breaks concentration, and causes indecisiveness. Lack of confidence Confidence greater than actual ability causes you to prepare less than you need to perform. Overconfidence (false confidence)

Optimal Confidence, Under– confidence, and Overconfidence The inverted-U illustrating the confidence-performance relationship

How Expectations Influence Performance Self-expectations and performance Coach expectations and performance A teacher’s or coach’s expectations can alter a student’s and athlete’s feelings and performance.

Building Self–Confidence Ensure performance accomplishments. Successful behavior increases confidence and leads to further successful behavior. Include good physical, technical, and tactical instruction. Use game-pressure simulations. Act confidently. Instructors-coaches should display confidence. Teach athletes to display confidence.

Building Self–Confidence Think confidently. Focus on instruction and motivating thoughts. Avoid judgmental thoughts. Use imagery. Imagine yourself as confident and successful. Train for physical conditioning. Training and physical states keys to confidence. Prepare Develop performance plans and routines; plans give you confidence because you know what to do.