OBD Inspection System & DAD Certification IMS Training Forum April 2014 by Paul Hedglin 1

OBD Inspection System (OIS) Data Acquisition Device (DAD) – BAR Certified User replaceable Firmware Updatable Ancillary equipment (computer, barcode scanner, printer) – Off-the-shelf (not BAR certified) – Minimum standards (e.g., Windows 7, /64 bit; IE 9, 10, 11) – Can be used for other purposes, owner responsible Web-based inspections (hybrid client software) – Internet connection required during inspection (no off-line tests) OIS Software – Smog Check business logic in BAR’s central database that communicates with DAD hardware driver on local computer – State Ownership allows enhancement without update cost to stations 2

OIS Concept Web based software DAD from BAR certified vendors. Other equipment off-the-shelf or from other vendors. BAR Certified Data Acquisition Device (DAD) 3

OIS Features OBD Focused (no tailpipe) test on most* vehicles – Hybrids – Diesels Retrieves all OBD data supported by vehicle Flexibility: table driven, vehicle exceptions Automated Certificate Block – Inappropriate data for vehicle (clean-plugging) – Mismatch of vehicle data to OEM (aftermarket tamper) 4 [ * some model year vehicles are OBD I or are over 14,000 GVWR (gas) thus require a BAR-97 test]

Fewer Allowed Incomplete Monitors Change on BAR-97 & OIS after OIS start date – Gasoline: 1996 to monitor allowed Only evaporative monitor – Diesel: 1998 to Zero monitors allowed Only the exhaust after-treatment system* monitor (e.g., particulate filter) for and newer [ * “system” may include several monitors: PM filter, NOx/SCR treatment, catalyst] 5

Which Stations use OIS? stations must have all Smog Check inspection equipment (both OIS and BAR-97) – About 4,000 of 7,200 active stations statewide Non-STAR stations may choose Smog Check inspection equipment that matches their customer base OIS for 2000+, diesel, hybrid testing BAR-97 for 1999 and older Fuel cap and Fuel Evaporative for 1995 and older 6

DAD Certification Authority DAD Specification referenced in regulation – Input from workshops with ARB, SAE, Vendors – Multiple equipment vendor audience – DAD requirements only (no: computer, bar code scanner, printer) – Certification / re-certification / decertification authority – Cites SAE standards – Cannot update during development since part of regulation Used Q&A’s to clarify requirements 7

Alpha Certification Overview Alpha Testing – Lab Environment Standardized Testing Controlled Environment Repeatability Tied to DAD Specification requirements 8

Alpha Testing Details Vendors submit device to BAR during open periods (Typically 1/Yr) There is a $10,000 fee to cover State costs Closed door testing (Pass/Fail results provided at end) Alpha testing conducted in a lab environment utilizing simulators, vehicles Temperature and durability testing Data is QA/QC’d and compared to known values “fingerprint” Vendor receives Two tries to complete a round of Alpha Testing Typical Alpha Testing is completed in one month. Successful devices move on to Beta Testing. 9

BAR’s Data Analysis Tool Shows DAD data compared to predetermined “Fingerprint” with errors highlighted RED – Data different from expected data in fingerprint ORANGE – Data Missing BROWN – Data different but not Certification failure item; e.g., variable Mode 6 data Data Collected by DADFingerprint Data 10

Beta Certification Overview Beta Testing – Field Environment Conducted at Licensed Smog Check Stations Approximately 20,000 valid tests needed – DAD – vehicle connectivity – End user input on DAD and OIS Software – Exercises databases – Prepares Help desk 11

Beta Testing Details Vendor Manages Stations under BAR oversight Divided into Two Phases – Phase I: 10 DADs; 1,500 vehicles (Bin Specific) – Phase II: 50 DADs; 18,500 vehicles (Bin Specific) Device configuration must remain stable (Software, Firmware, Hardware) Passing Criteria – Collection of 99.9% of Priority 1 Data – Collection of 90.0% of All Other Data – Rate adjustable in 0.1% increments Typical Beta Testing is completed in Two months BETA Vehicles Test BINS BINS Phase 1 # Vehicles Phase 2 # Vehicles GAS 1996 – ,000 GAS ,16013,000 DSL 1998 – DSL

Vehicle Connectivity Connectivity – Data received where vehicle supports – Byte length checked (adjusted for non-compliant vehicles) VID determines connectivity for Priority One data – Minimum data necessary for OBD test, adding more in future – Includes: Mode $01 Pid $00 (vehicle support) & Pid $01 (monitors, MIL, #DTCs); hardcoded – not configurable – Other data configurable in database – If data not received, software attempts to reconnect, prompts technician to restart vehicle, or stops test with no comm. BAR manually determines connectivity success for all Other Data for each Mode/Pid (modes 3,6,7,9 0A) 13

Additional DAD/OIS Testing BAR conducts concurrent field testing – Roadside inspections at auction yards and dealers BAR Engineering Testing – Computer & Equipment Compatibility – OIS Software releases – DAD updates Firmware Driver 14

OIS Schedule 7/1/2013 – Regulations adopted, permitting DAD certification start 8/19/2013 – Applus, Drew, Bosch, Worldwide started certification in BAR’s lab (Alpha Testing) 11/23/2013 – Started certification in real world (Beta Testing) 2/24/2014 – DAD Vendors advised Beta on hold till VID stable, Beta stations continue OIS tests ETA: May ’14 – Resume DAD Certification ETA: June ’14 – First Vendor(s) certified DAD Vendor Certification Status on Website ETA: June ’14 – Begin DAD ramp up in stations ETA: August 2014 – Mandatory statewide OIS use 15

External OIS Training OIS Software now has built in help 16

Additional Information Questions to BAR Help Desk – – Phone:

Questions 18

Diminishing Tailpipe Fleet 19