The Protestant Reformation

FOCUS QUESTION What were three complaints people had about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s? What were three complaints people had about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s?

Standard 7.9 The Reformation Why do you think that people would confuse this guy…

With this guy? You’ll find out!

REFORMATION What is the root word for Reformation? What is the root word for Reformation?

FORM To shape To shape To begin To begin To put together To put together To create To create The Catholic Church was the first Christian Church formed. The Catholic Church was the first Christian Church formed.

What would REFORM mean?

Reform Re- to do again Re- to do again To form again To form again To change the form of something that already exists To change the form of something that already exists Martin Luther wanted to change the form of the Catholic Church to improve it. Martin Luther wanted to change the form of the Catholic Church to improve it.

The Reformation By the early 1500’s Renaissance ideas had caused many Europeans to view their lives with a more critical eye. They thought their lives could change for the better. One area that some people thought needed improvement was religion. By the early 1500’s Renaissance ideas had caused many Europeans to view their lives with a more critical eye. They thought their lives could change for the better. One area that some people thought needed improvement was religion.

One person who felt strongly about reform in the church was Martin Luther. He started what would be known as “The Reformation”.

MARTIN LUTHER??? Where have we heard that name before? Where have we heard that name before?

Dr. Martin Luther King

Lived in the 1900’s. Lived in the 1900’s. Was a minister. Was a minister. Led the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Led the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950’s and 1960’s.

Back to Martin Luther…

He Decided to Challenge the Church When I say the Church, I mean the only Christian church of the time………………………. When I say the Church, I mean the only Christian church of the time………………………. What church was the only Christian church of the time? What church was the only Christian church of the time?

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Headed by the _______________. What is the official title of person?

The Reformation A reform movement against the Roman Catholic Church

What didn’t he like? People didn’t like the way the pope, priests, and bishops were behaving. They didn’t behave in a religious manner. People didn’t like the way the pope, priests, and bishops were behaving. They didn’t behave in a religious manner. Priests and Bishops didn’t even know the basic church teachings. Priests and Bishops didn’t even know the basic church teachings. The pope was too involved in politics and was not committed to his churchly duties. The people didn’t like this. The pope was too involved in politics and was not committed to his churchly duties. The people didn’t like this.

His main arguments: His main belief was that people could be saved in a religious sense through faith, and faith alone. His main belief was that people could be saved in a religious sense through faith, and faith alone. He believed that if a person believes in God and follows the Bible, they could go to heaven there is no need for confession, giving the church all your money, or doing charity work. He believed that if a person believes in God and follows the Bible, they could go to heaven there is no need for confession, giving the church all your money, or doing charity work. He also didn’t believe in Indulgences. He also didn’t believe in Indulgences.

Indulgences What is an Indulgence?

Indulgence An indulgence is a document (a piece of paper signed by the pope) given by the pope to people; that excused that person for sins that he or she had committed while they were alive. An indulgence is a document (a piece of paper signed by the pope) given by the pope to people; that excused that person for sins that he or she had committed while they were alive.

Why on Earth would a person pay good money for a Certificate of Indulgence?

An indulgence was supposed to reduce the time a person spent in purgatory. Does anyone know what purgatory is?

Purgatory Catholics believe that Depending on how much you sinned is going to determine how long you will spend in purgatory. Catholics believe that this is a place where your soul goes to in order to pay for your worldly sins before you can go to heaven. Depending on how much you sinned is going to determine how long you will spend in purgatory.

The selling of Indulgences

Indulgences were used to pay bribes to the Emperor and his followers. Indulgences were used to pay bribes to the Emperor and his followers.

EARTHLY LIFE HEAVEN HELL SOULS PURIFIED BEFORE DEATH SOULS NEEDING PURIFICATION SOULS WITH MORTAL SINS PURGATORY SOULS NOW PURIFIED

The Ninety-Five Theses This was a list of complaints that Martin Luther had against the Catholic church.

How did Pope Leo X feel? The pope was very upset about this; and threatened to have Martin Luther excommunicated from the church if he didn’t take back what he wrote.

Martin Luther is excommunicated Martin Luther was called to a diet (a council of nobles and church officials) he was labeled a heretic and was excommunicated. Martin Luther had to go into hiding for a year, for fear he would be killed.

Martin Luther at the Diet

A separation in the church Martin Luther caused the Catholic Church to split up. Martin Luther caused the Catholic Church to split up. The followers of Martin Luther were known as Protestants because they were protesting against the Catholic church. The followers of Martin Luther were known as Protestants because they were protesting against the Catholic church.

Protestants Those who sided with Luther and protested the Catholic church were known as Protestants.

Martin’s contributions to Protestantism He translated the Bible into German from Latin. He translated the Bible into German from Latin. He wrote hymns (songs praising God) that still are sung today. He wrote hymns (songs praising God) that still are sung today. Pamphlets to help convert people to Protestantism. Pamphlets to help convert people to Protestantism. He was also very anti-Semitic. This means he does not like Jewish people. He was also very anti-Semitic. This means he does not like Jewish people.

Luther’s complaints against the church Bible only appearing In Latin The Pope was too involved in politics Lazy or corrupt clergy The selling of Indulgences

William Tyndale An English reformer and professor who believed that people should be able to read and interpret the Bible on their own. The Catholic church believed that clergyman were the only ones who could read and interpret the Bible. An English reformer and professor who believed that people should be able to read and interpret the Bible on their own. The Catholic church believed that clergyman were the only ones who could read and interpret the Bible.

John Calvin He believed that God already knew who was going to be saved before they were born. He believed that God already knew who was going to be saved before they were born. This is called Predestination. This is called Predestination. People who followed John Calvin were known as Calvinist. People who followed John Calvin were known as Calvinist. He believed that everyone should live a good moral life. He believed that everyone should live a good moral life.

King Henry VIII He formed what was going to become known as the Anglican church.

Why did he do this? His wife couldn’t have anymore children and he wanted a son badly. He only had daughters. His wife couldn’t have anymore children and he wanted a son badly. He only had daughters. He wanted a divorce and the pope wouldn’t give it to him. In those days you couldn’t get a divorce. He wanted a divorce and the pope wouldn’t give it to him. In those days you couldn’t get a divorce. He decided to start his own church in 1534 and he would be the head of the new church, although things really didn’t change, just the name, and the head of the church. He decided to start his own church in 1534 and he would be the head of the new church, although things really didn’t change, just the name, and the head of the church. Henry VIII broke away from the Church so he could remarry. He did not leave for any religious purposes it was for selfish purposes. Henry VIII broke away from the Church so he could remarry. He did not leave for any religious purposes it was for selfish purposes.

PROTESTANT REFORMERS William Tyndale An English Professor everyone should be able to read the Bible executed for translating the Bible into English John Calvin Taught Predestination God knew who would be saved even before they were born. It could not be changed – no matter how good or bad a person was. King Henry VIII Started the Church of England because the Pope would not allow him to divorce and remarry. (His wife couldn’t give him a son… at least he didn’t have her beheaded).

Questions Why did Martin Luther break away from the church? Why did Martin Luther break away from the church? How did the Anglican church get started and who started it? How did the Anglican church get started and who started it? What is the Ninety-Five Theses? What is the Ninety-Five Theses?

FOCUS QUESTION What were three complaints people had about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s? What were three complaints people had about the Roman Catholic Church in the early 1500’s? Behavior of the clergy Behavior of the clergy Wealth of the church Wealth of the church Sale of indulgences Sale of indulgences