Inductive Reasoning Activity What are some words that come to mind when you think about the different ecosystems that exist on Earth? Working with the students at your table, sort the words into different groups based on characteristics or features they have in common. Glue your words into groups (either on the front or back of your handout). Be sure to provide a “label” for each group.

Warm Up What categories did you group come up with for the ecosystems terms/phrases?

Ecological Levels of Organization

1. What Biome did you choose for your levels of ecological organization project yesterday? 2. In 2-3 sentences, describe that biome (use a text book if needed! Page 744) On Desk: -Planner -Pen/Pencil -IAN Bellwork 4/1/16

Biomes - Video Clip

Biomes – Take Notes and glue the table into your IAN (Page ) BiomeClimate (Temperature and Precipitation) Plants (Examples and Adaptations) Animals (Examples and Adaptations) Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Temperate Rain Forest Tropical Rain Forest Desert Grasslands

Grab your notes from the front table (Page 744). 1. Which biome is your favorite? Explain why in 3-4 sentences. On Desk: -Planner -Pen/Pencil -IAN Bellwork 4/4/16

Key: Desert Grassland Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Rain Forest Temperate Deciduous forest Taiga Tundra

Foldable (outside): Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Temperate Rain Forest Tropical Rain Forest Desert Grassland Map of Biomes Earth’s Land Biomes

Land (Terrestrial) Biomes – Inside the foldable… Climate:Plants:Animals: Illustration of biome. Distinguishing characteristics: (distinguishes it from other biomes) -Temperature -Precipitation -Examples -Adaptations -Examples -Adaptations Fold

Take out your Biomes foldable. Start working on your foldable!! Due tomorrow! On Desk: -Planner -Pen/Pencil -IAN -Biomes Foldable Bellwork 4/5/16

Land (Terrestrial) Biomes – Inside the foldable…(Pg. 744) Climate:Plants:Animals: Illustration of biome. Distinguishing characteristics: (distinguishes it from other biomes) -Temperature -Precipitation -Examples -Adaptations -Examples -Adaptations Fold

Earth’s Biomes Areas with similar abiotic factors (soil, water & climate) usually have similar biotic factors (plants & animals). Climate – average weather pattern in an area over a long period of time. ◦ Precipitation & temperature Biome – a group of ecosystems with similar climates & organisms ◦ Contain related ecosystems

Terrestrial or Land Biomes Tundra Taiga / Coniferous (Boreal) Forest Temperate Deciduous Forest Grasslands (Savanna, Steppe, Prairie) Deserts Tropical Rain Forest Temperate Rain Forest

Forest Biomes Often found in areas that have mild temperatures and plenty of rain. 3 types (depends on climate): ◦ Temperate deciduous forests ◦ Coniferous forests (Taiga) ◦ Tropical rain forests

Temperate Deciduous Forests Distinguishing Characteristics: Deciduous trees – “to fall off” – trees that shed their leaves to save water during the winter or during the dry season Have 4 distinct seasons in a year (fall, winter, spring, summer) Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 75 – 125 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature: summer 28˚ C, winter 6 ˚ C Deciduous trees (oaks, maples); ferns; mosses; flowering plants; woody shrubs Adaptation: trees lose their leaves to save water during winter & dry season Deer, bears, snakes, woodpeckers, chipmunks, opossums, mice, skunks Adaptation: migration & hibernation

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Taiga ( aka: Coniferous Forest ) Distinguishing Characteristics: Conifers – trees that produce seeds in cones; needles; aka: evergreen trees Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 35 – 75 cm of rain or snow/yr. Average temperature: summer 14˚ C, winter -10˚ C Coniferous trees (Douglas fir, spruce); few large plants Adaptations: Conifers with thick, waxy coverings on leaves = keep them from drying out and protect them from cold winter Squirrels; insects; birds (finches, chickadees, jays); herbivores (porcupines, elk, moose, ); bears; foxes; lynx Adaptations: Migration & hibernation

Taiga/Coniferous Forest

Tropical Rain Forests Distinguishing characteristics: Wettest biome Has more biological diversity that any other place on Earth Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 200 – 600 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature: daytime 34˚ C; nighttime 20˚ C Warmer than temperate rain forests due to location near the equator. Ferns, orchids, tall trees Adaptation: Low growing plants that don’t need much light Canopy - tree top Birds (ex: parrots); insects, snakes, frogs, monkeys, lizards

Tropical Rain Forests

Temperate Rain Forests Found in New Zealand, southern Chile, & the Pacific Northwest of the U.S. Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 200 cm – 400 cm of rainfall/yr. Avg. temperature: 9˚C – 12˚C Coniferous trees with needlelike leaves (Douglas fir, cedar, spruce) Black bear, cougar, bobcat, northern spotted owl, amphibians

Temperate Rain Forests

Grasslands Also know as: o Steppes (Asia) o Prairies (N. America) o Savannas (Africa) o Pampas (S. America) Found on every continent except Antarctica 2 Types: o Temperate Grasslands o Savannas

Temperate Grasslands ◦ Location: Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 25 – 75 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature: summer 30˚C; winter 0˚C Grasses, flowering plants, few trees, crops – wheat, rye, barley, corn Small, seed-eating animals (prairie dogs & mice), large grass- eaters (bison), kangaroos, cattle & sheep

Grasslands

Savannas ◦ Location: Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: cm rain/yr. Average temperature: dry season 34˚C; wet season 16˚C Scattered clumps of trees, grasses large herbivores (elephants, giraffes, zebras, wildebeests)

Savanna

Deserts Driest biome on Earth Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation – less than 25 cm of rain/yr. Avg. temperature – summer 38˚C; winter 7˚C; temperature shifts from day to night  Ex: Gobi desert in Asia – freezing temperatures in the winter Cacti Adaptations – grow far apart; shallow roots; store water; waxy- coated leaves Toads, tortoises, kangaroo rat, scorpions, few large animals; reptiles Adaptations – nocturnal (active at night); dormant during dry season; store water; big ears

Deserts

Deserts

Tundra Cold, dry region 2 Types: Polar tundra – found near the North Pole Alpine tundra – tops of tall mountains permafrost – layer of soil that stays frozen all the time; only the surface thaws Polar Tundra: Alpine Tundra:

Polar Tundras Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 30 – 50 cm of rain/yr. Avg. temperature: summer 12˚C; winter -26˚C  Slow decomposition due to cold temperatures. Shallow-rooted plants (grasses & small shrubs); mosses; lichens; no trees Insects, migratory birds (ducks, geese, shorebirds & songbirds); hawks; owls; arctic hares; musk oxen; wolves; caribou; reindeer

Alpine Tundra Top of tall mountains ◦ Also has permafrost ◦ Found above the “tree line” ◦ Gets plenty of sunlight & precipitation

Mountains & Ice Mountains can contain many different biomes. ◦ Temperature & precipitation change with elevation Ice ◦ Usually fits in with the tundra biome

Mountains

Temperate Rain Forests Distinguishing Characteristics: Climate:Plants:Animals: Precipitation: 200 – 400 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature: summer 9˚ C, winter 12˚ C Evergreen treesBlack Bears; Cougars; Bobcats; deer

Temperate Rain Forest

1. How much precipitation does the Temperate Rain Forest get each year? The Temperate Rain Forest receives 200 – 400 cm of rain a year. 2. What is the average temperature? The average temperature in the Temperate Rain Forest is 9˚ C in the summer and 12˚ C in the winter. On Desk: -Planner -Pen/Pencil -IAN -Biomes Foldable Bellwork 4/6/16

Turn in your foldables! (make sure your name is on it)

Time to Grade! A Closer Look at Cancer Write “Graded by _________” If correct, leave it blank. If incorrect, Mark an “X” through the number

1. List 3 of your favorite animal adaptations from yesterday’s video. On Desk: -Planner -Pen/Pencil -IAN Bellwork 4/7/16