THANG LONG SPECIALIZED HIGH SCHOOL INTEL ISEF CONTEST THANG LONG SPECIALIZED HIGH SCHOOL VIETNAM MICROPONIC TECHNOLOGY IN PROPAGATION, TRANSPORTATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT SPECIES Ngo Van Quoc Phan Nhat Tram

Content Objectives and Significance Materials and Methods Results Conclusions and Suggestions

Objectives and Significance Current plant propagation methods used: Seeds Cutting sprouts Planting on different substrates Drawbacks of these methods Vulnerability to diseases in breeder plants Low survival rate Incapability to control over diseases Difficulties in transporting It is essential to establish new techniques

Figure 1. Propagation of Chrysanthemum by traditional methods – transportation and distribution system.

Objectives and Significance Our project entitled: “Microponic technology in propagation, transportation and distribution of plant species” Improvements Chose suitable substrates Able to multiply pathogen-free plants More economic procedures of plant production, distribution and transportation The pollution of environment will be reduced On this basis, we carry out the project entitled: “Microponic technology in propagation, transportation and distribution of plant species” … Nên diễn tả bằng lời nói và nhớ nhiều hơn, ghi ít chữ, giải thích nhiều hơn

MATERIALS AND METHODS * Microponic system using in vitro: - Plastic cans - Pieces of flower-arranging materials - A microponic solution: MS1/2 * Microponic system using ex vitro: - Plastic cans, nylon film - Control experiment in humus and coconut fiber Figure 2. Microponic system using flower-arranging materials Figure 3. Microponic system using nylon film

MATERIALS AND METHODS Research explant In vitro materials: Shoots of Potato, Chrysanthemum, Torenia in vitro are cut and made for rooting by NAA with the concentration of 250 ppm in 1 minute and then transplanted into pieces of flower-arranging material with different heights: 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm. Potato shoot: average mass of explant: 19 mg, shoot height: 1.5 cm. Chrysanthemum shoot: average mass of explant: 94 mg, shoot height: 1.5 cm. Torenia shoot: average mass of explant: 69 mg, shoot height: 1.5 cm. Ex vitro materials: In vitro Potato and Chrysanthemum are planted in greenhouse in 1 month and a half. After that, they are cut and made to take root by NAA and IBA with the strength of 250, 500, 750, 1000 ppm in 10 minutes, and then placed in the plastic cans holding 70 ml of MS1/2. Chrysanthemum shoot: average mass of explant: 794 mg, shoot height: 7.0 cm. Potato shoot: average mass of explant: 227 mg, shoot height: 4.0 cm.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Experiment 1: The effects of substrate thickness (0.5 cm) on the growth and development of Potato shoots. Experiment 2: The effects of substrate thickness (1.0 cm) on the growth and development of Potato shoots. Experiment 3: The effects of substrate thickness (1.5 cm) on the growth and development of Potato shoots. Experiment 4: The effects of substrate thickness (1.0 cm) on the growth and development of Chrysanthemum shoots. Experiment 5: The effects of substrate thickness (1.5 cm) on the growth and development of Chrysanthemum shoots. Experiment 6: The effects of substrate thickness (1.0 cm) on the growth and development of Torenia shoots.

Substrate thickness (cm) Results Table 1. The effects of substrate thickness on the growth and development of Potato shoots Substrate thickness (cm) Fresh weight (mg) Plant height (cm) Number of roots 0.5 26.3 3.3 2.0 1.0 26.7 3.4 3.0 1.5 20.0 2.7 2.1

Graph 1: The effects of substrate thickness on the growth and development of Potato shoots

Substrate thickness (cm) Results Table 2. The effects of substrate thickness on the growth and development of Chrysanthemum shoots Substrate thickness (cm) Fresh weight (mg) Plant height (cm) Number of roots 1.0 140.1 3.2 7.2 1.5 103.2 2.7 2.4

Graph 2: The effects of substrate thickness on the growth and development of Chrysanthemum shoots

Substrate thickness (cm) Results Table 3. The effects of substrate thickness (1.0 cm) on the growth and development of Torenia shoots Substrate thickness (cm) Fresh weight (mg) Plant height (cm) Number of roots 1 106.7 2.46 8.4

Figure 4: Producing pathogen-free plants using microponic system a. Chrysanthemum, b. Pathogen-free in vitro Chrysanthemum, c. Chrysanthemum, explant ready for microponic experiment, d. Chrysanthemum, shoot planted in home-made microponic system., e,f. Chrysanthemum, rooting after 2 weeks of culture, g,h,i. Model of microponic using explants (Chrysanthemum.and Potato) from ex vitro method.

Figure 5. Microponic technology in propagation of Chrysanthemum ex vitro explant a,b,c,d. Chrysanthemum shoot ex vitro after 10 days culture; e,f. Chrysanthemum shoot ex vitro, rooting in microponic system.

Figure 6: Commercialized ability of home-made microponic system, initially compared to the former propagation methods a,b,c,d,e. Propagation by means of microponic method and the way to pack a box with plants, f. Styrofoam tray, g. Planting with soil substrate, h. Planting with coconut fiber substrate, i. Plant growth and development in soil substrate..

Figure 7. Research activities of Ngo Van Quoc and Phan Nhat Tram in Plant molecular biology and plant breeding department (Tay Nguyen Institute of Biology) from 25th Semtember, 2008 to 31st February, 2009

Industrial production of …. Figure 8. Industrial production of Chrysanthemum flower cutting in Dalat city

CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS The research project has gained these results: Identification the suitable substrate using in the microponic system to multiply Potato, Chrysanthemum and Torenia. The suitable thickness of substrate is 1.0 cm. Using microponic system to minimize the chances of catching diseases, saving space and energy. Simplifying in the plant distribution. Reducing seedling production price. Suggestions: Keep observing the growing and developing ability of Potato and Chrysanthemum in microponic system. Evaluate the growing and developing ability of plants produced by the microponic system in the greenhouse. Evaluate the firmness of plant quality.

Evaluating Norms (1.000.000 Chrysanthemum) EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF USING THE MICROPONIC SYSTEM Evaluating Norms (1.000.000 Chrysanthemum) Planting systems Ratio TR/M Traditional (TR) Microponic (M) Substrate weight (kg) 161 36.64 4.4 System cost (USD) 66.18 (grate + soil + water) 104.78 (plastic box + substrate + paper container + solution) 0.63 Transport cost 100 km [truck (2.265 x 1.380 x 1.4 m/2.100 kg)] (USD) 3 liters of petrol x 0.647 = 1.941 1 Plants transported/truck 4.704 14.400 0.33 Transport cost/plant/100 km (USD) 0.000 41 0.000 135 3.04 Transport cost 10.000 plants/100 km (USD) 4.13 1.35 Transport cost 1.000.000 plants/100 km (USD) 4 118.53 1 352.94 Theo em, cần có thêm cột tổng chi phí của cả 2 phương pháp TCP = Substrate cost + System cost*plant unit (calculated by one system) + transport cost*number of plants

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