AMERICAN CINEMA BY MRS. SELLERS

EUROPEAN INFLUENCES 1897 – George Melies creates 1 st film studio 1897 – George Melies creates 1 st film studio 1902 – A Trip to the Moon 1902 – A Trip to the Moon A Trip to the Moon A Trip to the Moon A Trip to the Moon A Trip to the Moon 1925 – Odessa Steps from Battleship Potemkin by Sergei Eisenstein 1925 – Odessa Steps from Battleship Potemkin by Sergei Eisenstein Odessa Steps Odessa Steps Odessa Steps Odessa Steps And of course German Expressionism And of course German Expressionism

SMILE FOR THE CAMERA Eadward Muybridge – set 12 cameras up and triggered as horse galloped by Eadward Muybridge – set 12 cameras up and triggered as horse galloped by first film 1878 first film 1878 first film 1878 first film – Eastman developed celluloid film which allows light to pass through 1884 – Eastman developed celluloid film which allows light to pass through 1884 – Edison and William Dickson invented the Kinetoscope 1884 – Edison and William Dickson invented the Kinetoscope Fred Ott's Sneeze Fred Ott's Sneeze Fred Ott's Sneeze Fred Ott's Sneeze

THE LUMIERE BROS 1894 – Invented the Cinematographe 1894 – Invented the Cinematographe Superior because it had a projector Superior because it had a projector Sharper images and better illumination Sharper images and better illumination The Train The Train The Train The Train

NEW YORK-WOOD INTERMISSIONS IN VAUDEVILLE SHOWS INTERMISSIONS IN VAUDEVILLE SHOWS FIRST HUGE SUCCESS – THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY 1903 FIRST HUGE SUCCESS – THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY 1903 The Great Train Robbery The Great Train Robbery The Great Train Robbery The Great Train Robbery NEW YORK WAS EPICENTER OF FILM INDUSTRY NEW YORK WAS EPICENTER OF FILM INDUSTRY

THE COLUMBUS OF AMERICAN CINEMA BETTER YEAR-ROUND WEATHER BETTER YEAR-ROUND WEATHER 1910 D.W. GRIFFITH SENT TO FILM IN CALIFORNIA AND DISCOVERED HOLLYWOOD 1910 D.W. GRIFFITH SENT TO FILM IN CALIFORNIA AND DISCOVERED HOLLYWOOD 1 ST FILM SHOT – IN OLD CALIFORNIA 1 ST FILM SHOT – IN OLD CALIFORNIA

HURRAY FOR HOLLYWOOD 1913 – MANY MOVIE- MAKERS WENT WEST 1913 – MANY MOVIE- MAKERS WENT WEST EDISON’S PATENT COSTING TOO MUCH MONEY IN NY EDISON’S PATENT COSTING TOO MUCH MONEY IN NY SUNSHINE ALL YEAR AND SCENERY TO DIE FOR SUNSHINE ALL YEAR AND SCENERY TO DIE FOR

A STAR IS BORN GRIFFITH’S BIRTH OF A NATION PIONEERED FILM VOCAB AND STYLE GRIFFITH’S BIRTH OF A NATION PIONEERED FILM VOCAB AND STYLE INCREDIBLY RACIST INCREDIBLY RACIST FAVORABLE REPRESENTATION OF THE KKK FAVORABLE REPRESENTATION OF THE KKK BLACK CHARACTERS EVIL AND LYNCHED BY THE “HEROES” BLACK CHARACTERS EVIL AND LYNCHED BY THE “HEROES” Klan clip Klan clip Klan clip Klan clip

NICK AT NIGHT NICKELODEONS – SHORT FILMS FOR A NICKEL NICKELODEONS – SHORT FILMS FOR A NICKEL BUSINESS MEN HANDLED THE PRODUCTION SIDE OF FILMMAKING BUSINESS MEN HANDLED THE PRODUCTION SIDE OF FILMMAKING BECAME HEADS OF MOVIE STUDIOS – GOLDWYN, MAYER, WARNER BROS. BECAME HEADS OF MOVIE STUDIOS – GOLDWYN, MAYER, WARNER BROS.

IF YOU BUILD IT, THEY WILL COME AFTER WWI EUROPEAN FILMMAKERS – HITCHCOCK, FRITZ LAND, VALENTINO, DIETRICH AFTER WWI EUROPEAN FILMMAKERS – HITCHCOCK, FRITZ LAND, VALENTINO, DIETRICH SOUND BROUGHT NY STAGE ACTORS SOUND BROUGHT NY STAGE ACTORS 1927 – THE JAZZ SINGER 1927 – THE JAZZ SINGER MID-1940’S 400 MOVIES P/YEAR MID-1940’S 400 MOVIES P/YEAR

THERE’S GOLD IN THEM THERE HOLLYWOOD HILLS GOLDEN AGE – 1920’S TO 1950’S GOLDEN AGE – 1920’S TO 1950’S FORMULAIC – WESTERN, SLAPSTICK, COMEDY, MUSICAL, CARTOON, BIOPIC FORMULAIC – WESTERN, SLAPSTICK, COMEDY, MUSICAL, CARTOON, BIOPIC STUDIOS OWNED THEATERS – LOEWS STUDIOS OWNED THEATERS – LOEWS

THE STUDIO SYSTEM EACH HAD ITS OWN STYLE AND CHARACTERISTICS EACH HAD ITS OWN STYLE AND CHARACTERISTICS ACTORS HAD EXCLUSIVE CONTRACTS ACTORS HAD EXCLUSIVE CONTRACTS VERY RESTRICTIVE SYSTEM VERY RESTRICTIVE SYSTEM MADE $$$$ MADE $$$$ STILL ALLOWED FOR ARTISTIC CREATIVITY AND ARTISTS EX: HEMINGWAY AND FAULKNER TO HAVE AND HAVE NOT STILL ALLOWED FOR ARTISTIC CREATIVITY AND ARTISTS EX: HEMINGWAY AND FAULKNER TO HAVE AND HAVE NOT

THE GOOD, THE BAD, & THE UGLY PROFITABLE PROFITABLE ALLOWED GAMBLES ON SMALLER FILMS LIKE CITIZEN KANE ALLOWED GAMBLES ON SMALLER FILMS LIKE CITIZEN KANE THE WIZARD OF OZ, GONE WITH THE WIND, CASABLANCA, IT’S A WONDERFUL LIFE, KING KONG, SNOW WHITE, MR. SMITH GOES TO WASHINGTON THE WIZARD OF OZ, GONE WITH THE WIND, CASABLANCA, IT’S A WONDERFUL LIFE, KING KONG, SNOW WHITE, MR. SMITH GOES TO WASHINGTON ARTISTIC BATTLES – CAPRA, HAWKS ARTISTIC BATTLES – CAPRA, HAWKS

THE FALL OF THE STUDIO EMPIRE TWO FORCES TWO FORCES ANTITRUST ACTION – STUDIOS COULD NO LONGER OWN THEATERS ANTITRUST ACTION – STUDIOS COULD NO LONGER OWN THEATERS CONTRACTS NO LONGER VALID CONTRACTS NO LONGER VALID CECIL B. DEMILLE STAYED OR USED SAME TEAM CECIL B. DEMILLE STAYED OR USED SAME TEAM TELEVISION TELEVISION

CINEMA WARS PRODUCED FILM THAT COULD NOT BE SEEN ON TV PRODUCED FILM THAT COULD NOT BE SEEN ON TV SPECTACULAR, LARGER- THAN-LIFE SPECTACULAR, LARGER- THAN-LIFE FILM BECAME ART AND TV THE UGLY STEPSISTER FILM BECAME ART AND TV THE UGLY STEPSISTER SUPREME COURT RULED FILM AN ART FORM AND GAVE IT 1 ST AMMENDMENT PROTECTION SUPREME COURT RULED FILM AN ART FORM AND GAVE IT 1 ST AMMENDMENT PROTECTION

TIME FOR A CHANGE POST-CLASSICAL CINEMA – NEW APPROACH TO DRAMA AND CHARACTERS POST-CLASSICAL CINEMA – NEW APPROACH TO DRAMA AND CHARACTERS CHRONOLOGY MIXED UP, TWIST ENDINGS CHRONOLOGY MIXED UP, TWIST ENDINGS FILM NOIR – REBEL WITHOUT A CAUSE AND PSYCHO FILM NOIR – REBEL WITHOUT A CAUSE AND PSYCHO

WE’RE GOING TO NEED A BIGGER BOAT NEW HOLLYWOOD – FILM SCHOOL-TRAINED DIRECTORS NEW HOLLYWOOD – FILM SCHOOL-TRAINED DIRECTORS EUROPEAN INFLUENCES EUROPEAN INFLUENCES COPPOLA, LUCAS, SPIELBERG, DE PALMA, SCORSESE, FRIEDKIN COPPOLA, LUCAS, SPIELBERG, DE PALMA, SCORSESE, FRIEDKIN 1970’S - CRITICALLY ACCLAIMED AND COMMERCIALLY SUCCESSFUL 1970’S - CRITICALLY ACCLAIMED AND COMMERCIALLY SUCCESSFUL THE GODFATHER, JAWS, STAR WARS THE GODFATHER, JAWS, STAR WARS LOW BUDGETS – BONNIE AND CLYDE AND EASY RIDER LOW BUDGETS – BONNIE AND CLYDE AND EASY RIDER MORE SEX AND VIOLENCE MORE SEX AND VIOLENCE

SIZE MATTERS 1950’S – PRESENT – BLOCKBUSTERS 1950’S – PRESENT – BLOCKBUSTERS WIDESCREEN, TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES WIDESCREEN, TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES STAR POWER AND ADVERTISING STAR POWER AND ADVERTISING LARGE AUDIENCE TO MAKE A PROFIT LARGE AUDIENCE TO MAKE A PROFIT SOMETIMES BACKFIRES SOMETIMES BACKFIRES EX: WATERWORLD, HOWARD THE DUCK, JOHN CARTER, TERMINATOR 3 Howard the Duck Howard the Duck

GOOD THINGS COME IN SMALL PACKAGES 1980’S & EARLY 90’S – RISE OF INDEPENDENT FILM (INDIES) 1980’S & EARLY 90’S – RISE OF INDEPENDENT FILM (INDIES) INDEPENDENT FROM THE STUDIO INDEPENDENT FROM THE STUDIO SMALL BUDGETS SMALL BUDGETS HIGH PROFIT-TO-COST RATIO HIGH PROFIT-TO-COST RATIO SUCCESS DEPENDENT ON CRITICAL ACCLAIM SUCCESS DEPENDENT ON CRITICAL ACCLAIM AKA: ARTHOUSE FILMS AKA: ARTHOUSE FILMS SPIKE LEE, KEVIN SMITH, SODERBERGH, TARANTINO SPIKE LEE, KEVIN SMITH, SODERBERGH, TARANTINO FINANCIAL SUCCESS AND CROSSOVER CAUSED STUDIOS TO CREATE INDIE SUBSIDIARIES LIKE FOX SEARCHLIGHT FINANCIAL SUCCESS AND CROSSOVER CAUSED STUDIOS TO CREATE INDIE SUBSIDIARIES LIKE FOX SEARCHLIGHT MIRAMAX – MOST POWERFUL INDIE COMPANY MIRAMAX – MOST POWERFUL INDIE COMPANY v=ye7x3jbi_TE v=ye7x3jbi_TE v=ye7x3jbi_TE v=ye7x3jbi_TE

PENGUINS, TIGERS, AND BIG MACS…OH MY!! 2000’S – MARKET OPENED UP FOR OTHER TYPES OF FILM 2000’S – MARKET OPENED UP FOR OTHER TYPES OF FILM FOREIGN – CROUCHING TIGER, HIDDEN DRAGON & HERO FOREIGN – CROUCHING TIGER, HIDDEN DRAGON & HERO DOCUMENTARY – SUPER SIZE ME, FAHRENHEIT 9/11, AND MARCH OF THE PENGUINS DOCUMENTARY – SUPER SIZE ME, FAHRENHEIT 9/11, AND MARCH OF THE PENGUINS

VIDEO KILLED THE RADIO STAR BUT NOT AMERICAN CINEMA FILMS THAT DID POORLY AT THE BOX OFFICE WERE POPULAR ON HOME VIDEO FILMS THAT DID POORLY AT THE BOX OFFICE WERE POPULAR ON HOME VIDEO SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION & THE SECRET OF NIMH SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION & THE SECRET OF NIMH ALLOWED FUTURE FILMMAKERS TO WATCH MOVIES AND LEARN FROM THEM ALLOWED FUTURE FILMMAKERS TO WATCH MOVIES AND LEARN FROM THEM TARANTINO WORKED AT A VIDEO STORE TARANTINO WORKED AT A VIDEO STORE VIDEO AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY LED TO FILMMAKING AMONG THE NON- RICH AND FAMOUS POSSIBLE WITHOUT A STUDIO BACK VIDEO AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY LED TO FILMMAKING AMONG THE NON- RICH AND FAMOUS POSSIBLE WITHOUT A STUDIO BACK DVD’S ALLOW EXTRA SCENES, COMMENTARY, ETC. DVD’S ALLOW EXTRA SCENES, COMMENTARY, ETC.

WILL NETFLIX BE THE DEATH OF AMERICAN CINEMA Write a short response to the following prompt: Write a short response to the following prompt: Will streaming (Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu, torrenting, etc.) bring an end to seeing movies in theaters. Will streaming (Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu, torrenting, etc.) bring an end to seeing movies in theaters.

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