East Africa
Continental Crossroads In 1931, and English archaeologist found the most continuous known record of humanity in the Olduvai Gorge in N. Tanzania Aksum was an impt. Civilization that emerged in Ethiopia around A.D. 100 7 th century Arab, Persian and Indian traders flooded E. Africa and est. Kilwa, a city in Tanzania and made E. Africa a cultural crossroads
Colonization Disrupts Africa Berlin Conference in , 14 European nations decided how to divide Africa. They decided any European nation could claim land by controlling the area and letting the other E. nations know their claim. Ethiopia escaped colonization b/c of Emp. Menlik II who protected them by knowledge of geography
Colonization, cont. By 1970’s, Most of E. Africa gained independence but civil wars and internal disputes became serious problems (I.e. Rwanda) Basically, the nations weren’t prepared for independence and the ethnic boundaries created by the Europeans forced cultural divisions
Farming and Tourism Economies E. Africa is 70% rural They rely on cash crops (coffee, tea, and sugar) Shifting to jobs in the cities over farms Main economic activities is tourism and they have set up many wildlife reserves.
Maitaining Traditional Cultures Two biggest ethnic groups are Masai and Kikuyu Kikuyu are the largest group in Kenya centered around Mt. Kenya – Organized a society called Mau Mau.. Later 11,000 Africans killed during a rebellion Masai live on grasslands in the rift valley in both Kenya and Tanzania and farm or herd. – Wear robes and grease clothes with cow fat
Health Care in Modern Africa Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a pandemic in E. Africa Many feel there are more AIDS cases than are reported. Predict that the population of Africa’s worst countries could decline 10-20%