Course Outline E-Commerce and its types, Internet and WWW Basics, Internet standards and protocols, IP addressing, Data communication on internet, Domain name system Networking devices – Bridges, Switches, Routers etc., Role of ISP’s on Internet, Getting Domain name and IP addresses, Understanding electronic mail

Course Outline Continued… Markup languages and the Web, Web designing using HTML, CSS and JavaScripting Client side & server side processing, Cookies, Maintaining state in a stateless environment, Two tier/n-tier architecture Security issues on the internet, Firewalls, Proxy Server, Virtual Private Network

Course Outline Continued…  Cryptography and Public key infrastructure (PKI), Certification Authorities and Digital Certificates, Digital signatures Technology  Electronic Payment Systems – VirtualP in payment system, Centralized account system, Electronic Check, E-Cash, SSL and SET based payment systems

Course Outline Continued…  E-business– advantages/disadvantages, Paper and electronic catalogues  Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)  E-business models  Internet marketing  Data mining and knowledge discovery Process, OLAP, Types and business application of data mining

E-business strategy, supply chain/value chain analysis and Porter’s model, role of e-commerce in competitive strategy E-banking, ERP Legal/policy issues in e-commerce – salient features of Electronic Transactions Ordinance, 2002 in Pakistan Course Outline Continued…

Territorial jurisdiction and conflict of laws, online contracts, online defamation, Copyright in Cyberspace Issue of ISP’s liability, domain-name and trade mark conflicts, privacy issue on the internet, Cyber crimes

Suggested Books Electronic Commerce (4 th edition) by Gary P. Schneider Electronic Commerce : Security, Risk Management and Control by Greenstein & Feinman Electronic commerce – A Managerial Perspective by Turban et al.

Other Reference Books Absolute Beginner’s Guide to Networking (3 rd edition) by Joe Habraken Creating a Web Page (5 th edition) by Paul Mcfedries Web Security, Privacy & Commerce by Garfinkel & Spafford Data Mining – Concepts & Techniques by Han Kamber E-commerce – Strategy, Technologies and Applications by David Whiteley Internet Law in Canada (6 th edition) by Michael Geist

E-Commerce - Definition Electronic commerce is an emerging concept that describes the process of buying and selling or exchanging of products, services and information via computer networks including the internet

E-Commerce – classification… A common classification of EC is by the nature of transaction: –Business-to-business (B2B): electronic market transactions that take place between organizations –Business-to-consumer (B2C): retailing transactions with individual shoppers – typical shopper at Amazon.com is a consumer –Consumer-to-consumer (C2C): consumer sells directly to consumers, examples - individuals selling in classified ads, auction sites allowing individuals to put up items for auction – e.g, e-bay

EC Classification –Consumer-to-Business (C2B): individuals who sell products or services to organizations and those who seek sellers and conclude a transaction –Intrabusiness (organizational) EC: all internal organizational activities involving exchange of goods, services or information, selling corporate products to employees, online training and cost reduction activities –Non-business EC: academic institutions, not-for- profit organizations, religious/social organizations and government agencies using EC to improve their operations, customer service and reduce expense

Basics Web client- machine that initiates internet request Web server – machine that services internet request Brower - software at the client side to interact with web data Intranet – an internal network of computers confined to a single place Extranet – when two or more intranets are connected with each other, they form an Extranet – e.g, Virtual Private Network Internet – a global network of networks

Client-Server Model Client B Client A Internet Server X Server Y file

What is the Web ? The Web is a protocol that uses the internet as the communication structure The web links documents stored in computers that communicate on the internet Based on Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - native protocol of WWW designed for making web page requests HTTP is a FOUR step process per transaction

HTTP Connection 1. Client –Makes a HTTP request for a web page –Makes a TCP/IP connection 2. Sever accepts request –Sends page as HTTP 3. Client downloads page 4. Server breaks the connection

Side Effects of http transfers A record is left of all web transaction Resides in log files generated at the server Good news : user data recorded Bad news: what about user privacy? Common log file (CLF) format – identity, date, request, status etc.

What is a network? 1.A network can be anything from a simple collection of computers at one location connected through a connectivity media to the internet (a global network of networks) 2.Local Area Network (LAN) is a server-based network confined to a particular area/place 3.Most LANs consist of many clients and a few servers

LAN setup Networ k server Client Machine Print Server Printer Hub

OSI Network Model 1.International Organization for Standards (ISO) 2.In 1970’s came ISO’s OSI model – a conceptual model for network communications 3.OSI - Open System Interconnection Reference Model 4.7 layer architecture

ISO OSI model Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer Sender Side Receiver Side

ISO OSI model Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer Sender Side Receiver Side

TCP/IP Stack Mapped To OSI Model OSI ModelTCP/IP Stack Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical TelnetHTTPSMTPFTP TCPUDP IPRIPARP Network Interface Card Drivers

TCP/IP Protocol Stack Members HTTPUsed for web page requests TelnetTerminal Emulation Protocol – connects a local computer with a remote computer FTPFile Transfer Protocol - provides an interface and services for file transfer over the network – upload from local to remote & vice versa SMTPSimple Mail Transport Protocol – provides services on the internet TCPTransmission Control Protocol – connection-oriented transport protocol UDPUser Datagram Protocol – connectionless transport protocol IPInternet Protocol – provides basis for IP addressing on the network ARPAddress Resolution Protocol – maps IP address to MAC hardware address RIPRouting Information Protocol – Routing protocol used by routers to determine the best path for packets on the network

Host Machine

Getting the binary bits:Example

=57 Decimal To Binary

Binary To Decimal 2 0 x *0+2 2 *0+2 3 *1+2 4 *1+2 5 *1+2 6 *0+2 7 * 0=57

Look again at binary addresses????  Classes of networks – A,B,C,D and E  Network number starting with is the biggest number equal to 127 in decimal - So, is the range of class A networks  Network number starting with is equal to 128 in decimal is equal to 191 in decimal - So, is the range of class B networks  Network number starting with is equal to 192 in decimal is equal to 223 in decimal - So, is the range of class C networks  Network number starting with 111 -So, is the range of class D & E networks -Special multicast and experimental groups  Only first byte tells network class

Classes Class A – large networks (net 1 byte/host3) Class B – medium networks (net 2 bytes/host 2) Class C – small networks (net 3 bytes/host 1) 0Networkhost 1 0Networkhost Networkhost

Class A Class B Class C

How do we get the IP address? Domain name servers translate the domain name to IP address

Web server ecom. cs. vu. edu Sub Domain SLDTLD

Domain Hierarchy edu gov netorg com pk vu pu csms ecom1 ecom2 int

Name Resolution client ecom.cs.vu.edu Local Name server Root Name server VU Name server CS Name server ecom.cs.vu.edu vu.edu, ecom.cs.vu.edu cs.vu.edu, ecom.cs.vu.edu

MAC Address Consists of 12 hexadecimal characters A9B2EF 09:00:17:A9:B2:EF A9-B2-EF A pattern of 48 bits is available 2 48 unique MAC addresses possible Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) administers the allocation of MAC addresses

Bus Topology

Star Topology Hub

Ring Topology

Data Packet Bridge S1 S2 S3

R3 R1 R5 R4 R6 R2 B B A A

Router (Destination) Data Packet Network server Data Packet sent MAC? 009B6D359F1C Web Server

MAE IAP1 ISP Client IAP3 ISP Web Server NAP IAP2 NAP

R3 R1 R5 R4 R6 R2 B B A A