Android

I. What’s Android Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. Android is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, with specialized user interfaces for televisions (Android TV), cars (Android Auto), and wrist watches (Android Wear).mobile operating systemLinux kernelGoogletouchscreensmartphonestablet computersAndroid TVAndroid AutoAndroid Wear

II. Android History 1.Version 1.0 (sep 2008) Web browser, camera support, maps, media player…… 2.Version 1.1 (Feb 2009) show and hide dialpad and saving attachments in messages 3.Version 1.5 (Cupcake, April 2009) Video support, widgets, picture in contacts, auto-rotation option 4.Version 1.6 (Donut, sep 2009) Integrated camera and gallery, support WVGA screen resolution

5.Version 2.0 (Éclair, Oct 2009) Multiple accounts(google acc), searching SMS/MSS messages, Bluetooth 2.1, more screen size 6.Version 2.2 (Froyo, May 2009) USB tethering & Wi-fi hotspot 7.Version 2.3 (Gingerbread, Dec 2010) support near field communication (NFC), clipboard enhancements 8.Version 3.0 (Honeycomb, Feb 2011) support only tablets, action bar

9. Version 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich, Oct 2011) improve video record with 1080p video 10.Version 4.1 (Jelly bean, Feb 2012) Improve performance 11.Version 4.2(Jelly bean, Nov 2012) support multi user on tablets, camera improvement 12.Version 4.3 (Jelly bean, July 2013) improve game graphics, support 5 more languages, 4k resolution 13. Version 4.4 (Kit-Kat, Oct 2013) Memory and power management, improve NFC

14. Version 5.0(Lollipop, June 2014) Notification on lock screen, guest access, pin something on device………. III. Architecture

1.Linux Kernel communication layer for the underlying hardware (Audio drivers, Camera drive, display driver) 2. Libraries There is a set of libraries including SQLite database which is a useful repository for storage and sharing of application data, media framework libraries to play and record audio and video etc.

3. Android Runtime This section provides a key component called Dalvik Virtual Machine makes use of Linux core features like memory management and multi-threading, which is intrinsic in the Java language. The Android runtime also provides a set of core libraries which enable Android application developers to write Android applications using standard Java programming language.

4. Application Framework These are the blocks that our applications directly interacts with. Content Providers: Manage the data sharing between applications Telephony Manager: Manages all voice calls. We use telephony manager if we want to access voice calls in our application. Location Manager: Location management, using GPS 5. Application Several standard applications comes pre-installed with every device, such as: SMS Web browser Contact manager