Lesson 1: Human trafficking

Human Trafficking is … Labor trafficking is Recruiting, hiding, moving, providing or getting someone. 2. Forcing, tricking or threatening them to work for little or no pay. The person cannot leave if he/ she wanted to. 3. Taking advantage of them and using them as slaves to work. Sex trafficking is Recruiting, hiding, moving, providing or getting someone over age Forcing, tricking or threatening them. 3. Taking advantage of them and using them for sexual services to make money. The trafficked person does not get to keep any or very little of the money. OR 1. Recruiting, hiding, moving, providing or getting someone under age Taking advantage of them and using them for sexual services to make money or in exchange for something such as food and housing.

Who is the trafficker? - A stranger - Often family members, friends or a boyfriend

More than 700,000 women, children and men are trafficked across borders every year. 2 to 4 million people men, women and children are trafficked across borders and within their own country every year. Source: US State Department Human trafficking happens in every country How big is the problem?

Anyone could be trafficked, but most likely to be trafficked are: - women - living in poverty and/or in an unstable family situation - women - living in poverty and/or in an unstable family situation

Video clip (optional) Choose one of these video clips of a story of a sex trafficking survivor: Ukraine - US (7:09): Nigeria - Italy (2:52): Nigeria – Denmark (10:09): documentaryhttp://vodpod.com/watch/ trapped-sex-trafficking-nigeriadenmark- documentary

Video clip (optional) Russia (3:48): Argentina (2:41): India (3:58): Nepal - India (13:12):

Root causes Comparative Poverty Gender discrimination Marginalisation of migrants or minority groups esp. in source countries Lack of access to education and jobs

Root causes Natural disasters, political instability -– this can lead to children being left without parents or chaos in society so the vulnerable are not protected Demand for cheap products (  demand for cheap labour) Globalisation – complex global supply chains leading to unregulated working conditions

Lesson 2: Sex trafficking

What is sex trafficking? Sex trafficking means that people are: deceived or removed from their homes & forced to sell sex to men

What is sex trafficking? Trafficking into the sex trade remains the most common form of trafficking Trafficking into the sex trade remains the most common form of trafficking

Sex trafficking To whom does it happen? Women and girls are particularly at risk to end up in sex trafficking: 98% of those trafficked into sexual exploitation are women and girls Source: ILO 98% of those trafficked into sexual exploitation are women and girls Source: ILO

Sex trafficking Why are women so vulnerable? Traffickers know how to exploit this vulnerability of women: Women have less educational and job opportunities than men. Women have less educational and job opportunities than men. promising good jobs in the hotel industry, modeling,... offering good study opportunities

Sex trafficking  brothel areas sometimes in places pretending to be:  saunas  massage parlours  ordinary homes Where does this sexual exploitation happen?

Sex trafficking Other things to know  Travel and job agencies are set up to bring the girls to their destinations  Promised work conditions or payment agreements are not being fulfilled at their destination  In a lot of cases it is even close friends, boyfriends or family who are involved in the trafficking

Video – sex trafficking UNODC movie (1:00)

Story

The treatment of women and girls in society If our communities believe that:  women have less worth than men  women have no right to choose what they do with their lives  it is alright for men to dominate them If girls are:  denied access to education  only allowed to do poorly paid, unregulated jobs such as domestic care or cleaning  looked on as commodities 

The treatment of women and girls in society  this lays the foundation for: - A DEMAND for trafficked women - A TOLERANCE for women being sold! - A DEMAND for trafficked women - A TOLERANCE for women being sold!

Lesson 3(A): Human trafficking in the products we buy

Video OPTIONAL (4:36) – example of coltan (see teacher resource 4): ww.protectthehuman.com/videos/congo-s-bloody-coltan

Globalisation MTV video “All I Need” - Radiohead (3:48)

Globalisation Example  pair of shoes: Before: made from local animals, sewn together locally, sold locally. Now: animals from one part of the country provide the leather, the sewing done in another town, the shoes sold elsewhere, exported abroad.

Globalisation Any part of the production process could happen anywhere The product will be produced in the country where the cheapest labour is

Globalisation Problem It is difficult for the consumer to know if factories and farms that make their products or grow their food, are not using trafficked persons or other forms of exploitation in producing these products

Human trafficking in the cocoa trade Video Tony’s Chocolonely (3:27) -

Fair trade 1)A fair and reasonable price, covering at least the costs of production & basic living costs 1)A premium which they must invest in their community 1)Payment in advance so that they can meet their costs 1)Long term contracts which allows for planning and stability Benefits for the farmers

Fair trade Certification of products by independent verifiers  show that they are not exploiting workers or the environment Obligation for the farmer

Fair trade Show fair trade video - (1:49)

Objections to fair trade Fair trade distorts the market, keeping the price high. Paying higher prices and giving long-term contracts to farmers might reward uncompetitive farmers, and prevent them investing in new techniques for their production. Fair trade prices are high and only a fraction of the this money reaches the farmers.

Benefits of fair trade Fair trade is redressing the imbalance of the market: The market is already distorted, it is not an open free market. The power is with the exporting companies, often multi-nationals. This keeps the farmer's price low. Fair trade affords the farmer to invest: Giving long-term contracts gives the farmers in fact the chance to plan ahead, because they know that they have a steady stream of income. The farmer gets a guaranteed minimum price: While the price of fair trade does not all go to the farmer, it is necessary that some of it goes on the certification process to ensure that fairtrade farms are keeping a high ethical standard.

Lesson 3 (B): Human trafficking in the job market

How to spot the danger of being trafficked? Tricks of traffickers – be suspicious of: promises of an ‘easy job with good pay’ anyone who offers to introduce you to a new employer or job broker a broker or an employer who demands to keep your passport, work permit or ID card anyone who prevents you from contacting your friends or family upon arrival at your destination We are all naïve sometimes – but remember, if a job sounds too good to be true, it probably is. We are all naïve sometimes – but remember, if a job sounds too good to be true, it probably is.

Think about this before you go Find out as much as you can about your employer and the workplace before you begin working there. If any travel expenses or accommodation are being paid for you, confirm in writing if you are expected to pay them back.

Think about this before you go Find out what the working conditions will be. Confirm in writing. Tell your family the name, phone number and address of the employer and stay in regular contact with your family after you arrive at your destination. If needed, make sure you have the right visa.

Cartoon

Checking a job offer Job offer

Lesson 4: ACT

Awareness raising in your school 1) Decide your focus Which aspect of human trafficking is relevant for your community and what do we want to perform on? 2) Be short and clear! (maximum 15 minutes) 3) Be creative in announcing the play in your school: Use posters, flyers, video, announcement in the school newspaper,...

Awareness raising in your community 1) Extend your 15-minute play to a 30-minute play 2) Where? Perform at the local cultural centre, theatre or at the place where events are usually being held in the community 3) Announce the event: - Use posters, announcements in the local newspaper and on the local radio, Send invitations to parents, grandparents, police officers, journalists, press, etc.

You Tube Record your play and post it on You Tube! Title: Global webcast play on human trafficking, Name of the country, Name of the community/city.  the fight against human trafficking becomes global!

Example Video on raising awareness on the worst forms of child labour in West-Africa (7:59)

Careers advice day Invite staff from embassies and IOM representative Advice on job choosing in your own country and abroad Legal and safe ways to migrate to another city or country