Writing Reminders: All sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a form of punctuation. – Proper names (Mary, Boston, McDonalds) and I are always capitalized. Do not start a sentence off with AND or BECAUSE. Reread what you write to see if it’s a complete thought. Proofread your work and if you don’t know how to spell a word, look it up!

Complete Sentence: In order to be a complete sentence, a group of words needs to contain a subject and a verb, and it needs to express a complete thought.

The subject is the noun or pronoun that performs the verb. Ex: Boys, women, she, they, Sarah The verb is a word or set of words that shows action (runs, is going, has been painting); feeling (loves, envies); or state of being (am, are, is, have been, was, seem). – Ex: He ran around the block. I like my friend. They seem friendly.

Sentence Types Simple Compound Complex Compound-Complex

Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one subject and one predicate (verb) and expresses a complete thought. Ex. I drink soda (I = subject, drink = verb)

SIMPLE SENTENCE Mary plays tennis. SUBJECT PREDICATE one subject one predicate

Simple Sentence play tennis.Tom and Mary Compound Subject &

Simple Sentence play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary Compound Subject Compound Predicate & &

Compound Sentence A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses). – Independent clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions, conjunctive adverbs or a semi-colon. Ex: He cooked and she cleaned. He cooked (independent clause), she cleaned (independent clause), And (coordinating conjunction)

Compound Sentence We went to San Juan, and most of us danced all night.

Compound Sentence Use of Coordinating Conjunctions SUBJECTPREDICATE SUBJECTPREDICATE

Compound Sentence Tomswims, Maryplays tennis. and

COMPOUND SENTENCE: COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO

COMPOUND SENTENCE: CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS MOREOVER HOWEVER OTHERWISE THEREFORE

COMPOUND SENTENCE: SEMICOLON Tom has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.

Complex Sentence A complex sentence has at least two parts: one that can stand alone and another one that cannot The part that cannot stand alone is linked to the rest of the sentence by a subordinating conjunction

Complex Sentence SUBJECTPREDICATE SUBJECTPREDICATE even though

Complex Sentence Bobis popular heis new to school even though

COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS The most common subordinating conjunctions are after, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that, though, till, until, when, where, whether, & while

Bob is popular even though he is a new student. Clause 1 Clause 2 Independent Dependent COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Even though Bob is a new student, he is popular. Clause 1 Clause 2 Dependent Independent COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

This type of sentence has more than one part that can stand alone, and at least one that cannot. Conjunctions link the different parts of this sentence. Compound-Complex Sentence

Mikeis popular heis kind to others because heis still very shy. but

Exercises Say if the following sentences are: Simple, compound, complex or compound-complex.

1.The bell rang. 2.Bridget ran the first part of the race, and Tara biked the second part. 3.He stands at the bottom of the cliff while the climber moves up the rock. 4.The skier turned and jumped. 5.Naoki passed the test because he studied hard and understood the material.

Answers 1.Simple 2.Compound 3.Complex 4.Simple 5.Compound-complex

1.Because Kayla has so much climbing experience, we asked her to lead our group. 2.You and I need piano lessons. 3.I planned to go to the hockey game, but I couldn’t get tickets. 4.Dorothy likes white water rafting, but she also enjoys kayaking. 5.There are many problems to solve before this program can be used, but engineers believe that they will be able to solve them soon.

Answers 1.Complex 2.Simple 3.Compound 4.Compound 5.Compound-complex