11 ss{IkvXh PohnXw k`bnepw kaql¯nepw kotdm ae_mÀ k`bpsS hnizmk ]cnioe\ ]mTmhen c£bpsS ]mXbnÂþ11

DÅS¡w 1.c£-I-\mb Cutim 2.Ncn-{X-]p-cp-j-\mb Cutim 3.Cutim-bpsS hyàn-Xz-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-X-IÄ 4.{InkvXob hyàn-Xz-¯n hf-cm³ 5.{InkvXob hyàn-Xz-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-X-IÄ 6.{InkvXob a\-km£n 7.Pohsâ aqeyhpw al-Xzhpw 8.kvt\ln-¡m\pw Poh³ \ÂIm\pw 9.k¼¯pw kmaq-ln-I-\o-Xnbpw 10.A²zm-\-¯nsâ amlmßyw 11.kmaq-ln-I-Xn³a-IÄs¡-Xnsc {InkvXob {]Xn-_- ²X 12.`qan-bpsS D¸pw temI-¯nsâ {]Im-ihpw

k¼¯pw kmaq-ln-I-\o- Xnbpw A²ymbw H¼Xv

ka-{KX tXSp¶ a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯n k¼- ¯nsâ Øm\hpw kmwK-Xyhpw GXp hn[-¯n-em- sW¶v \mw {Kln-¨n-cn-t¡-­-Xm-Wv. k¼-¯ns\ \ncm-I-cn-¡p-¶tXm k¼-¯n {]Xymi sh¡p-¶tXm Aà icn-bmb \ne-]m-Sv, adn¨v k¼-¯ns\ \oXn- ]qÀÆw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

1.k¼¯v ssZ-hZ-m-\w 2.\½Ä k¼-¯nsâ Imcy-ØÀ 3.k¼-¯n-\pÅ Ah-Imiw 4.k¼-¯nsâ k-¼m-Z\w 5.A\ym-b-amb [\-k-¼m-Z\w 6.k¼-¯nsâ hn\n-tbmKw 7.ssZh-¯n-\p-ÅXpw kok-dn-\p-ÅXpw 8.k`-bpsS kmaq-lnI {]t_m-[-\-§Ä

k¼¯v ssZ-hZ-m-\w  ""IÀ¯mhmWv Fsâ CS-b³, F\n-s¡m-¶n\pw Ipd- hp-­m-hp-I-bnÃ''-ssZ-hm-{i-b-¯n Ign-bp-¶- hs\ ssZhw kar-²-ambn A\p-{K-ln-¡p-¶p.  k¼¯v Xsâbpw aäp-Å-h-cp-sSbpw \·-¡mb \ÂIn- bn-cn-¡p¶ Zm\-am-sW¶v Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ hnth-In-bmb a\p-jyt\ Ign-bp-I-bpÅq. [\-¯n Al-¦-cn-¡p-¶hÀ \mi-¯n \n]-Xn-¡pw.

\½Ä k¼-¯nsâ Imcy-ØÀ  k¼¯v \½psS kz´-aà ssZhw \ÂInb k¼-¯nsâ Imcy-ØÀ am{X-amWp \mw.  \½Ä Hcn-¡epw k¼-¯nsâ ASn-a-bm-I-cp-Xv. k¼-¯ns\ \mw btYm-NnX-w ssIImcyw sN¿p- Ibpw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-Ibpw thWw.

k¼-¯n-\pÅ Ah-Imiw  FÃm a\p-jyÀ¡pw k¼-¯n-\pÅ Ah-Im-i-ap-­v. F¶m Cu Ah-Imiw Hcn-¡epw A\ysâ Ah-Im-i- ¯n-epÅ ssII-S-¯tem A\ysâ Ah-Im-i-¯nsâ \ntj- [n-¡tem BIm³ ]mSn-Ã.  [\-k-¼m-Z\w Hcn-¡epw kmaq-ly-\o-Xn¡p hncp-²-am-Im\pw ]mSnà F¶-XmWv k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\w.

k¼-¯nsâ k-¼m-Z\w  Pohn-X-hn-P-b-¯n\v k¼¯v Hcp Bh-iy-L-S-I- am-Wv.  F¶m FÃmw Zm\-ambn \ÂIp¶ ssZhs¯ ad¶p \mw {]hÀ¯n-¡-cp-Xv.  k¼¯v t\Sm³ Ahn-Sp-¶mWv \n§Ä¡v iàn-X-cp- ¶Xv.

k¼-¯nsâ hn\n-tbmKw  ssZh-¯n \n¶v k¼¯p kzoI-cn¨ hyàn AXv A]-c- \p-ambn ]¦p-h-bv¡m\pw a\Êp ImWn-¡-Ww.  A[zm-\n-¨p-­m-¡p¶ ]Ww hnth-I-t¯msS sNe-h- gn-¡m³ {i²n-¡-Ww. [qÀ¯pw ep_v[pw Hcp-t]mse Hgn-hm-t¡-­-  Xn-·-I-fmWv.

A\ym-b-amb [\-k-¼m-Z\w  k¼¯v ssZhn-I-Zm-\-am-sW-¦nepw A\ym-b- ambn k¼m-Zn-¡p¶ [\w ssZh-Zm-\-am-sW¶p Icp-Xp-¶Xv icn-b-Ã.  ssZh-¯n\p \nc-¡m-¯ -co-Xn-bn [\w k¼m- Zn-¡p-¶Xpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xpw sXäm- sW¶v hN-\-§Ä \s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶p.  A[zm-\n-¡msX ]Ww k¼m-Zn-¡m-sa¶p Nn´n- ¡p-¶Xpw sXäm-Wv.  FÃm-hÀ¡pw Bh-iy-¯n-\p-ÅXv Cu temI-¯p­v  ""Nqj-W-¯n B{i-bn-¡-cp-Xv, IhÀ¨-bn hyÀ°-ambn Bi -h-bv¡-cp-Xv. k¼¯p hÀ²n¨m AXn a\-Êp-h-bv¡-cp-Xv.

k¼¯nsâ hn\ntbmKw  alm-\mb hn.-t_-kn ]d-bp¶p: ""\n§-fpsS Ae- am-c-bn \n§Ä kq£n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ A¸w \n§-fp- tS-X-Ã, AXv hni-¡p-¶-h-cp-tS-Xm-Wv. \n§- fpsS Ae-am-c-bn \n§Ä kq£n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ hkv{X-§Ä \n§-fp-tS-X-Ã, AXv \áÀ¡v Ah-Im-i- s¸-«-XmWv'' Cu t_m[y-t¯msS \½psS k¼¯v ]mh-s¸-«-h-cp-ambn ]¦p-h-bv¡p-hm³ \ap¡p Ign-b-Ww.

ssZh-¯n-\p-ÅXpw kok-dn-\p-ÅXpw  ssZh-¯n-\p-ÅXpw kok-dn-\p-ÅXpw aSn-Iq- SmsX \ÂI-W-sa¶v Cutim ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶p-­v.  ssZh-¯n-\pw cmjv{S-¯n\pw DX-Ip¶ hyàn-I- fmbn amtd-­-h-cmWv ss{IkvX-hÀ.  AXn-\m X§Ä¡pÅ k¼-¯n \n¶v \ÂtI­ \nIp- Xn-IÄ IrXy-ambn sImSp-t¡-­-Xp-­v.

k`-bpsS kmaq-lnI {]t_m-[-\-§Ä 1.tdcpw s\mhmcpw: 1891 sabv 15-þ\v setbm ]Xn-aq-¶m-a³ ]m¸m ]pd- s¸-Sp-hn¨ Nm{Io-I -te-J-\-am- Wn-Xv. sXmgn-em-fn-I- fpsS Ah-Im-i-]-{XnI F¶pw kmaq- lnI {Ia-¯nsâ amám-ImÀ«m F¶pw CX-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. 2.Izms{Z-tP-kntam At¶m: tdcpw s\mhmcpw Fgp-Xn-b-Xnsâ 40- þmw hÀj-¯n ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]obq- kv amÀ]m¸ ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn¨ Nm{In-I -te-J-\-am-Wn-Xv sabv 15-þ\v {]kn-²o-I-cn¨ Cu tcJ- bn kmaq-ln-I -{]-iv\-§Ä¡pÅ ss{IkvXh ]cn-lmcw \nÀt±-in-¡p- ¶p.

3. amXmhpw Kpcp-\m-Ybpw (am-¯À F¯v aPn- kv{X): 1961 sabv 15-þ\v tPm¬ Ccp-]-¯n- aq-¶m-a³ ]m¸ ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn¨ Cu Nm{In-I- te-J-\-¯n ImÀjnI hr¯nbpw hnI-kzc cmPy- §fpw F¶-XmWv {][m\ NÀ¨m-hn-jbw

 `qan-bn kam-[m\w (]m¨w C³ tXdo-kv): 1963 G{]n 11-þmw XobXn tPm¬ 23-þm-a³ amÀ]m¸ Cu Nm{InI teJ\w ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¨p. `qan-bn kam- [m\w Øm]n-¡m\pw \ne-\nÀ¯m\pw hyàn-Ifpw cmjv{S-§fpw \nd-th-tä­ IS- a-Ifpw AwKo-I-cn¨p \ÂtI­ Ah-Im-i-§- fp-amWv CXnse {][m-\- {]-Xn-]m- Zyw. 5. P\-X-I-fpsS ]ptcm-KXn (t]m-¸p- tfmcpw t{]m{K-kn-tbm): t]mÄ Bdm-a³ ]m¸ 1967 amÀ¨v 26-þ\v ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn¨ Cu Nm{In-I-te-J\w k¼-¶-cm-jv{S-§fpw Zcn-{Z-cm--jv{S-§fpw X½n k¼¯p ]¦n-Sp-¶Xn-sâ-{]m-[m-\y-amWv {]ta-bam¡nbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

6. kmaq-lnI HuÕpIyw ( skm-fn-¨n-¯q-Xns\ t\mkv{X) : tPm¬ t]mÄ c­m-a³ ]m¸ 1987 Unkw-_À 30- þ\v ]pd-¯n-d-¡nb Cu Nm{In-I- te-J  w kmaq- lnI {]iv\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v k`bv¡pÅ HuÕpIyw {]I- S-am-¡p-¶p. 7. \qdmw hÀjw (sN-t´-kvaqkv A¶q-kv): tdcpw s\mhm-cq ansâ \qdmw hmÀjnIw {]am-Wn¨v 1991 sabv 1þmw Xob-Xn-bmWv tPm¬t]mÄ c­m-a³ amÀ]m¸ Cu N{In-I-te-J\w ]pd-s¸-Sp- hn-¨-Xv.

 Pohn-X-¯nsâ \ne-\n¸n\pw, hfÀ¨bv¡pw, Hcp-hs\ klm-bn-¡p¶ ssZ  -Zm-\-amWv k¼- ¯v. \½p-sSbpw aäp-Å-h-cp-sSbpw \·-bv¡p-th­n  Zhw Xsâ k¼¯v \s½ `c-ta¸n-¨p. Cu k¼- ¯nsâ hn\n-tbmKw ssZh-¯n\p {]oXnIc-amb hn[- ¯n-em-bn-cn-¡Ww \mw \S-t¯-­-Xv. At¸m- gmWv ssZh-Zm-\-amb k¼-¯nsâ hnizkvX Imcy-Ø-cmbn \mw Xocp-¶-Xv.

ssZhhN\w hmbn¡mw ( eq¡m. 12:13þ21)