Types of ions Monatomic 1 atom that gains or loses electrons Polyatomic ions more than 1 atom that as a group they gain or lose electrons

ELEMENTS  Metals left side of periodic table  Nonmetals right side of periodic table  Metalloids along diagonal line

Metals  Lose elections to make + ions (cations)  Conduct electricity  Conduct heat  Malleable  Ductile  React with acids  Solids (except ?)  Shiny

Nonmetals  Gain electrons to form – ions (anions)  Do not conduct heat  Do not conduct electricity  Brittle  Solids, liquids or gases  Do not react with acids  Dull

Metalloids PProperties of either SSome gain, some lose electrons SSome conduct, some don’t SSome are malleable, some brittle AAll are solids

Law of Conservation of Matter Matter is not created or destroyed, it is conserved - The mass at the start of the reaction is the same as the mass at the end of the reaction

Compounds Ionic compounds Metal/non metal Steal/transfer electrons Ionic bond Molecules 2 non metals Share electrons Covalent bond

Properties of Ionic Compounds  Metal/nonmetal  Ionic bonds Transfer electrons  Strong +/- attraction  High boiling/melting point  Solids  Brittle  Molten Conduct heat/electricity

Writing Ionic compounds  Electron dot write cation, anion  Formula Add ions so that charges add to zero  Name binary end in “ide” Ternary end in “whatever”

Remember*** These metals need roman numerals(in name)indicate the charge on the ion CuPb FeSn CrHg CoMn Ag is always +1 Zn is always +2 Cd is always +2

Molecules 2 non-metals Covalent bonding – sharing electrons Weak attractions Low boiling/melting points Gases, solids, liquids, Do not conduct electricity

Remember  Diatomic H 2,N 2,O 2,F 2,Cl 2,Br 2,I 2 Phosphorus - P 4 Sulfur – S 8