United Nations Review

1. What is the purpose of the UN?

A.1 The central purposes for which the U.N. was established is to maintain international peace and security.

2. Other than promoting peace, what are some other things that the UN does?

A.2 To foster cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems; to promote respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; and to develop friendly relations among nations.

3. What are the goals of the United Nations Millennium Declaration?

A.3

4. Name and describe the 6 principal organs (bodies) of the UN.

A.4

5. How many member countries are in the UN? What are the two newest ones? How many members were there when the Charter was signed in 1945?

192- Montenegro (2006) Gained its independence from Serbia South Sudan (2011) Gained its independence from the rest of Sudan. A.5

6. How many countries are members of the UN Security Council? Who has veto power?

A.6

7. What are the official languages of the UN?

A.7

8. Where is the UN headquarters?

A.8 New York City

9. What is UNICEF? What are their goals?

UNICEF, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, strives to promote children's emotional and physical well-being in underdeveloped and disaster- affected areas. It is currently active in more than 190 countries and promotes health and development, child protection, social inclusion and gender equality. Ongoing health programs include mass immunizations to prevent disease, the promotion and protection of breastfeeding for improved nourishment in infants, the fight against HIV/AIDS to reduce infection and care for the infected and the procurement of healthy drinking water and nourishment. UNICEF recognizes the importance of education for personal development and advancement and promotes equal opportunities for both genders. In advocating for children's rights, the fund strives to protect children from violence and abuse in the family, child labor, child trafficking for labor and sexual exploitation. During natural disasters, warfare and crises, UNICEF provides humanitarian relief, shelter, nourishment and psychosocial support. When circumstances allow, the fund organizes educational facilities for children in affected areas. UNICEF runs separate programs for the well-being of adolescents, including health, HIV education and prevention and the acquisition of skills and abilities for financial independence. A.9

10. What is the WHO? What are their goals?

A.10 The goals of the World Health Organization are to improve equity in health, reduce health risks, promote healthy lifestyles and settings, and respond to the underlying determinants of health.

11. What are the goals of the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations?

A.11 Today's multidimensional peacekeeping operations are called upon not only to maintain peace and security, but also to facilitate the political process, protect civilians, assist in the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants; support the organization of elections, protect and promote human rights and assist in restoring the rule of law.

12. How has the UN responded to the threat of terrorism?

A.12 Resolution 1373 (2001), adopted unanimously on 28 September 2001, calls upon Member States to implement a number of measures intended to enhance their legal and institutional ability to counter terrorist activities, including taking steps to: 1. Criminalize the financing of terrorism 2. Freeze without delay any funds related to persons involved in acts of terrorism 3. Deny all forms of financial support for terrorist groups 4. Suppress the provision of safe haven, sustenance or support for terrorists 5. Share information with other governments on any groups practicing or planning terrorist acts 6. Cooperate with other governments in the investigation, detection, arrest, extradition and prosecution of those involved in such acts 7. Criminalize active and passive assistance for terrorism in domestic law and bring violators to justice.

13. Who is the Secretary General of the UN? What country is he from?

A.13 Ban Ki-Moon South Korea

14. What are two rights listed in the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” document.

A.14

15. Which First Lady played an instrumental part in the UN and the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A.15 Eleanor Roosevelt

16. What does the emblem of the UN mean?

A.16 Official Seal and Emblem of the United Nations, Report of the Secretary-General, 15 October The olive branches are a symbol for peace, and the world map represents all the people and the countries of the world. White and blue are the official colors of the United Nations.

17. What country pays the largest percentage of the UN budget?

A.17 The United States of America 22%

18. To what body do nations take legal disputes for resolution?

A.18 The International Court of Justice (commonly referred to as the World Court or ICJ) is the primary judicial branch of the United Nations (UN). Seated in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands, the court settles legal disputes submitted to it by states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly authorized international branches, agencies, and the UN General Assembly.

19. What is the UN’s oldest current peacekeeping mission?

A.19 The first group of United Nations military observers arrived in the mission area on 24 January of 1949 to supervise the ceasefire between India and Pakistan in the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

20. What 3 countries provide the most peacekeeping soldiers to the UN?

A.20 Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India

21. What human rights violation is the most wide-spread today?

A.21 violence against women and girls

22. What organization works to promote the message of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A.22 Amnesty International Amnesty International is a non-governmental organization focused on human rights with over 7 million members and supporters around the world. The stated objective of the organization is "to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave abuses of human rights, and to demand justice for those whose rights have been violated."

23. As of 2010, which continent was 'host' to the majority of ongoing UN peacekeeping missions?

A.23 Africa

24. As of 2014, which country has suffered the most fatalities in UN peacekeeping missions?

A.24 India

25. Trade embargoes, boycotts, bans on technology transfer, and trade restrictions are common tools used by the UN to persuade a particular government or group of governments to change their policy. These actions are called?

A.25 Sanctions