Acids and Bases
What are the properties of Acids? What is a property? React with metals React with carbonates Taste sour Turn blue litmus paper red
Acids - Reactions with metals What are metals? What is a reaction? -as a result of reaction with acids, metals produce hydrogen gas Metals literally seem to disappear or wear away – “Corrosive” Are there any metals that don’t react with acids?
Acids - Reactions with carbonates A carbonate contains carbon and oxygen atoms bonded together and has an overall negative charge If the substance contains carbonates and acid comes in contact, what will they do?
Acids can be really harmful!
Acids taste sour Can you think of any foods that are acidic? -lemons, grapefruit, oranges Don’t taste unknown chemicals!
Indicators Litmus paper is a very common indicator Blue litmus paper will turn red in the presence of an acid!
Properties of bases Taste bitter Feels slippery Turns red litmus paper blue
Bases have a Bitter taste What types of foods are bases or “basic”? -bitter melon, almonds, cocoa beans
Bases feel slippery Soaps and shampoos often contain bases Ammonia (windex), bleach, baking soda Bleach feels slippery
Bases don’t react with metals! If they don’t react with carbonates, you know they must be bases! They do react with acids to neutralize them- you get a salt and a water if the concentrations balance out.
Bases turn red litmus paper blue
Can strong bases hurt you?
What is it? It tastes sour It turns blue litmus paper red It fizzes when you put it onto a rock It feels slippery when you touch it It doesn’t do anything when you put it on iron. It is corrosive
The pH scale tells you how basic or acidic pH stands for potential of Hydrogen (ability to attract hydrogen ions The scale is logarithmic The scale goes from on the pH scale is neutral or is neither acid or base
The further you go either way from 7 or neutral the stronger the acid or base! If something is a 14 on the pH scale, it is very basic or “alkaline” If something is a 1 on the pH scale it is very acidic