Nursing Informatics MNS 5103 MASTER OF NURSING SCIENCE (MNS)

WELCOME Noel Kuck US Peace Corps Volunteer

Course Content The understanding and application of computer systems and how they apply to nursing Theoretical and “hands-on” exposure to certain computer software applications What are the benefits of computer technologies as they apply to nursing? What are the problems in applying technology to patient care?

By the end of this class the student should be able to: Discuss the history of nursing informatics and how it is changing health care Describe the role of IT in patient care Discuss various computer systems available in the support of patient care Describe existing technologies that support nursing practices Describe the use and benefits of data in patient care Discuss the responsibility of, and need for, ethical standards in patient data

The History of Nursing Informatics and How it has Changed the Provision of Health Care Health Information Technology (HIT)

Definition of Nursing Informatics Nursing informatics (NI) is a specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information management and analytical sciences 1 to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice. NI supports consumers, patients, nurses, and other healthcare professionals in their decision- making in all roles and settings to achieve desired outcomes. This support is accomplished through the use of information structures, information processes, and information technology.

History of Nursing Informatics A partial listing of sciences that integrate with nursing informatics includes: computer science information science the science of terminologies and taxonomies (including naming and coding conventions) library science heuristics, archival science cognitive science, and mathematics

History of Nursing Informatics Computers were first developed in the late 1930s and early 1940s, but their use in healthcare didn’t occur until the 1950s. At that time, computers in healthcare were originally used for basic office administration and financial accounting.

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) “Why is healthcare still predominantly using paper-based records when so many new computer-based information technologies are emerging?”

History of Nursing Informatics Over the history of nursing informatics, there has been a shift from the use of large mainframe computers with dumb terminals (which was never really provided for nursing) toward the use of multiple technologies: Wireless, handheld, mobile devices Radio frequency technologies Interoperable electronic health records

History of Nursing Informatics As the amount of paperwork that needed to be provided and stored increased, it became impossible for the nursing staff to both provide quality patient care and to maintain patient records. This overload also resulted in errors being made in medicine deliveries and patient records.

History of Nursing Informatics The field of nursing informatics emerged in the healthcare industry and nursing in the 1980s. As technology improvements were introduced to patient care, it became more and more critical to introduce computers for patient records and data filing to keep track of all of the information being generated by technology.

History of Nursing Informatics As computers became more and more commonplace, and nurses started presenting papers at conferences, sharing data by , and recording huge amounts of patient records on computers, a common language was needed.

History of Nursing Informatics With this sharing of information came the need to develop standard terminologies, both in naming conventions and also in data collection and formatting, also: standards in reporting practice standards data standards nomenclatures vocabulary patient education

History of Nursing Informatics Today, computers in nursing are used to manage patient care information, monitor quality, and evaluate outcomes.

History of Nursing Informatics Other uses include scheduling, budgeting, planning and policymaking, nursing research, and sharing of information, all for improving patient care.

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) An independent committee was formed several years ago to improve outcomes in healthcare quality, cost, and access. All that was accomplished was the formation of a name for the patient records: Computer- Based Patient Record (CPR)

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) Over the years, the electronic records have been referred to by a number of terms including: Electronic medical records Electronic patient records Electronic health records Computerized patient records Ambulatory medical records Computer-based medical records

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) EHR Benefits: Decrease in the use of unsafe abbreviations Rapid decrease in adverse drug reactions Reduction in the time to procure of drug Increase in the percentage of drugs ordered directly by the physician Reduction in delivery of lab reports and x- rays

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) EHR Detractors: Cost!! Time to implement Available technologies $

History of Nursing Informatics Electronic Health Records (EHR) EHR Benefits: Document imaging systems ◦ Reduction in paper and added security High quality imaging available to everyone needing them Password control ◦ Electronic access vs. paper copies Portability of mobile workstations

Informatics for the MNS Graduate The Master’s Degree Program prepares the graduate to: 1. Analyze current and emerging technologies to support safe practice environments, and to optimize patient safety, cost-effectiveness, and health outcomes 2. Evaluate outcome data using current communication technologies, information systems, and statistical principles to develop strategies to reduce risks and improve health outcomes 3. Promote policies that incorporate ethical principles and standards for the use of health and information technologies

Informatics for the MNS Graduate, cont’d The Master’s Degree Program prepares the graduate to: 4. Provide oversight and guidance in the integration of technologies to document patient care and improve patient outcomes 5. Use information and communication technologies, resources, and principles of learning to teach patients and others 6. Use current and emerging technologies in the care environment to support lifelong learning for self and others

Research Assignment PH 1 - Prepare a short, typewritten report covering: How personal computers were first being used How personal computers are now being used How computers might be used to improve nursing and/or patient care This document is to be signed and dated and returned to the instructor no later than Monday, September 1 st