Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2, Section 2

The Nile River _________________________ Longest river in the world Is divided into 2 sections, the __________and ___________

Like the Tigris and Euphrates rivers the Nile River ___________________ This was called the ______of the Nile, because it _________________________ ____________________ Flooded area was called the __________and non-flooded area called the _________

River provided a easy route for ____________________ Other geographic features of Egypt helped protect Egypt from invaders: 1. _____________________ __________ 2. Red Sea to the east 3. Mediterranean Sea to the north 4. _____________________

Religion Religion provided a _____________________for the Egyptians Egyptians were polytheistic There were two major groups of gods/goddess: 1. ___________ 2. ___________ Sun Gods were _____________________

The sun was the _______________ The sun became seen as the _____ of the Egyptian gods Egyptian rulers claimed to be the son of the sun and took a title called ________________

Rulers were seen as the ___________________________ ________________________ Most famous of Egyptian myths is about Osiris, Isis and Seth.

Egyptian Kingdoms Egypt was united around ________ United by _____________ Menes created the first __________of the Egyptians

Old Kingdom Lasted from 2700 BCE to 2200 BCE Ruler of Egypt was called a ____________ Pharaohs were ______ and rarely seen by the regular people Egypt was ___________________________ ______ Pharaoh created a _______________(administrative organization) to help enforce laws and collect taxes Also created the position of ___________________________

The Old Kingdom developed the process of __________________ Built the _________________and __________________ _______________constructed the Great Pyramid as his tomb

Middle Kingdom Lasted form 2055 BCE to 1650 BCE Was the ____________________ Egypt was a very ______ under this kingdom Conquered Syria, Palestine, Kush, Mesopotamia and Crete and Nubia Pharaoh was a seen as a _____________________________ _____________________________ __________

New Kingdom Lasted from ___________________________ Reunited by Egyptian armies using ___________________________ ___________ Most ____________ age of Egypt

Re-conquered entire land of the Middle Kingdom ____________ Several famous pharaohs – Hatshepsut, Akhenaten, Tutankhamen, and Rames II

Kingdom was threatened and pushed by by ________________ Eventually collapsed in ______________ Was dominated by several other groups over the next thousand years Last famous pharaoh ended Egypt forever as a kingdom, _______________

Egyptian Society Society was organized like a __________ Pharaoh was at the top Below this was the priestly class and nobles Then came the merchant class (modern day = of middle class) Then the farmers Finally the slaves

________was very important Girls married at ___, boys at ___ Society was patriarchical However Wives were respected and had power: __________________ Women could own property and could operate businesses

Writing and Education Egyptians had two forms of writing __________________– “priest carvings” used primarily for religious purposes __________________– simplified hieroglyphs used for business transactions

Science Developed a __________________ Invented the process of ______________ Created many medical practices including: ___________________________ ___________________________ ____________