Lifelong learning to build a smarter planet The world is becoming more instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent further breaking down the wall that divides formal and informal learning. Individuals, enterprises, cities and nations can build capabilities, improve competitiveness and expand opportunities for value co-creation (service). Dr. Nicholas Donofrio IBM Fellow Emeritus June 17 th, 2009

The 10 Hardest Jobs to Fill in America: #1 Engineer 1852 Civil Engineering (ASCE) 1880 Mechanical Engineering (ASME) 1884 Electrical Engineering (AIEE/IEEE) 1907 Ag & BioEngineering (ASAE/ASABE) 1908 Chemical Engineering (AICE) 1948 Industrial Engineering (ASIE/IIE) 1948 Computing Machinery (ACM) 1954 Nuclear Engineering (ANS) 1955 Environmental Engineering (AAEE) 1963 Aerospace Engineering (AIAA) 1963 Biomedical Engineering (BMES) 1985 Genetic Technologists (AGT) 1992 Financial Engineering (IAFE) 1993 Software Engineering (JCESEP) 2007 Service Engineering (SRII) …Obama administration’s pledge to rebuild America’s infrastructure… Engineers are needed to build a smarter infrastructure Short history of engineering professional associations

Information technology (IT) is one driver of change Source: Kurzweil 1999 – Moravec 1998

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Lifelong learning to build a smarter planet The world is becoming more instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent further breaking down the wall that divides formal and informal learning. Individuals, enterprises, cities and nations can build capabilities, improve competitiveness and expand opportunities for value co-creation (service). Dr. Nicholas Donofrio IBM Fellow Emeritus June 17 th, 2009

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The 10 Hardest Jobs to Fill in America: #1 Engineer 1852 Civil Engineering (ASCE) 1880 Mechanical Engineering (ASME) 1884 Electrical Engineering (AIEE/IEEE) 1907 Ag & BioEngineering (ASAE/ASABE) 1908 Chemical Engineering (AICE) 1948 Industrial Engineering (ASIE/IIE) 1948 Computing Machinery (ACM) 1954 Nuclear Engineering (ANS) 1955 Environmental Engineering (AAEE) 1963 Aerospace Engineering (AIAA) 1963 Biomedical Engineering (BMES) 1985 Genetic Technologists (AGT) 1992 Financial Engineering (IAFE) 1993 Software Engineering (JCESEP) 2007 Service Engineering (SRII) …Obama administration’s pledge to rebuild America’s infrastructure… Engineers are needed to build a smarter infrastructure Short history of engineering professional associations

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Information technology (IT) is one driver of change Source: Kurzweil 1999 – Moravec 1998

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The hallmark of a smarter planet is accelerating change… As measured by customer adoption rates of innovations Automobile 75 Years Telephone Electricity Radio Television VCR PC Cellular Internet % Adoption

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs 9 Technology immersion of today’s students Innovations in the consumer marketplace are driving rapid adoption of new technologies for communication, entertainment and learning Over 4 billion individuals now have access to mobile technologies worldwide – representing over 60% of the population Social networking sites, virtual worlds, and mass collaboration technologies allow crowd sourcing to gain insights

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The world is getting smarter… instrumented, interconnected, intelligent Smart traffic systems Smart water management Smart energy grids Smart healthcare Smart food systems Intelligent oil field technologies Smart regions Smart weather Smart countries Smart supply chains Smart cities Smart retail

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs …but this requires workers to become more adaptable

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs 12 A service-based economy is another driver of change  Service-based positions have increased 23% over the past 40 years, while industrial and agricultural jobs have decreased.  Human capital has replaced physical capital as the dominant source of organizational value.  Employees will require lifelong learning to maintain old skills and develop new ones to meet job and project requirements

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Lifelong learning to build a smarter planet The world is becoming more instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent further breaking down the wall that divides formal and informal learning. Individuals, enterprises, cities and nations can build capabilities, improve competitiveness and expand opportunities for value co-creation (service). Dr. Nicholas Donofrio IBM Fellow Emeritus June 17 th, 2009

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The 10 Hardest Jobs to Fill in America: #1 Engineer 1852 Civil Engineering (ASCE) 1880 Mechanical Engineering (ASME) 1884 Electrical Engineering (AIEE/IEEE) 1907 Ag & BioEngineering (ASAE/ASABE) 1908 Chemical Engineering (AICE) 1948 Industrial Engineering (ASIE/IIE) 1948 Computing Machinery (ACM) 1954 Nuclear Engineering (ANS) 1955 Environmental Engineering (AAEE) 1963 Aerospace Engineering (AIAA) 1963 Biomedical Engineering (BMES) 1985 Genetic Technologists (AGT) 1992 Financial Engineering (IAFE) 1993 Software Engineering (JCESEP) 2007 Service Engineering (SRII) …Obama administration’s pledge to rebuild America’s infrastructure… Engineers are needed to build a smarter infrastructure Short history of engineering professional associations

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Information technology (IT) is one driver of change Source: Kurzweil 1999 – Moravec 1998

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The hallmark of a smarter planet is accelerating change… As measured by customer adoption rates of innovations Automobile 75 Years Telephone Electricity Radio Television VCR PC Cellular Internet % Adoption

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs 17 Technology immersion of today’s students Innovations in the consumer marketplace are driving rapid adoption of new technologies for communication, entertainment and learning Over 4 billion individuals now have access to mobile technologies worldwide – representing over 60% of the population Social networking sites, virtual worlds, and mass collaboration technologies allow crowd sourcing to gain insights

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The world is getting smarter… instrumented, interconnected, intelligent Smart traffic systems Smart water management Smart energy grids Smart healthcare Smart food systems Intelligent oil field technologies Smart regions Smart weather Smart countries Smart supply chains Smart cities Smart retail

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs …but this requires workers to become more adaptable

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs 20 A service-based economy is another driver of change  Service-based positions have increased 23% over the past 40 years, while industrial and agricultural jobs have decreased.  Human capital has replaced physical capital as the dominant source of organizational value.  Employees will require lifelong learning to maintain old skills and develop new ones to meet job and project requirements

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The largest labor force migration in human history is underway, driven by global communications, business and technology growth, urbanization and regional variations in labor and infrastructure costs and capabilities. US Bureau of Labor Statistics: Highest growth jobs

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Service Material Information & Organization 11% 9% 30% 50% Product -Based on Uday Karmarkar, UCLA (Apte & Karmarkar, 2006) US Gross Domestic Product US GDP shift to service innovation

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Innovation Defined Innovation resides at the intersection of invention and insight, leading to the creation of social and economic value. National Innovation Initiative

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Talent National Innovation Initiative InvestmentInfrastructure  Develop a diverse, world class, next- generation of innovators  Establish a National Innovation Prize  Make the US a magnet for the best global talent  Help markets place top value on long- term innovation strategies  Establish incentives to increase early- stage investment in small-business innovation  Invest to accelerate innovation in the services economy  Create world-class infrastructures, including transportation, information, healthcare and energy  Drive regulatory and legal systems to better support innovation and entrepreneurship  Build a system that protects the rewards of IP, but that also encourages open collaboration Establish innovation metrics for the knowledge economy, not the industrial economy

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Open Collaborative Multi-disciplinary Global The changing nature and scope of innovation

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Learning is also changing…. Formal is a small fraction Informal is dominant Signposts show wall breaking down

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Lifelong learning enables entities to change and adapt as value migrates into new areas of opportunity  Three types of entities –Individuals –Enterprises Businesses Non-profits –Regional Authorities Cities Nations  Three types of change –Run = use existing capabilities and improve with practice –Transform = adopt a new best practice –Innovate = create a new best practice Transform Innovate how much time devoted to each? Ru n

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs Adaptable, Forward-Looking, Knowledgeable, Innovative Science and Engineering Math and Operations Research Computer Science & Info. Systems Industrial and Systems Engineering Business and Management Economics and Social Sciences Business Anthropology Organizational Change & Learning

© 2009 IBM CorporationGlobal University Programs The Bottom Line: Engineering work viewed as a series of service projects for customers requires lifelong learning to build capabilities, improve competitiveness and expand opportunities “A large and growing percentage of engineers now work as contract technical experts, hiring out for a particular job at a particular company, then moving on when it is finished. They may be independent consultants or they may work for consulting firms, but either way they don't have the long-term stability that joining a traditional manufacturing firm used to provide.” Lifelong Learning for Engineers: Riding the Whirlwind Ernest T. Smerdon Volume: 26, Number: 1/2 - Winter 1996