AUDIOLOGY 101 Jennifer Abbink District 20 Audiologist

Ear video

How the Ear Works Pinna Auditory Nerve Brain Cochlea Ear Canal Eustachian Tube Malleus, Incus, Stapes Bones Eardrum Balance system

Parts of the Ear Middle Ear Inner Ear Outer Ear

Conductive Hearing Loss – outer or middle ear dysfunction, usually correctible by medication or surgery Middle Ear Outer Ear

Sensorineural Hearing Loss – inner ear dysfunction, permanent hearing loss Inner Ear

Mixed Hearing Loss – a combination of outer or middle ear + inner ear dysfunction Middle Ear Inner Ear Outer Ear

Volume Pitchlow high quiet loud 0 dB = the average “softest” sound an adult can hear

Normal Hearing Mild Loss Moderate Loss Moderately Severe Loss Severe Loss Profound Loss Severity of Hearing Loss

X X X XXX

Count-the-Dot Audiogram

Count-the-Dot Audiogram Example X X XX X This person misses 38% of a typical conversation.

Unfair Hearing Test ABC Mild hearing loss Normal hearing Hearing aid

Hearing Loss Simulations

Behind-The-Ear Hearing Aids (BTEs) Pick your favorite colors!

In-the-ear hearing aids Remote controls Completely -in-the-canal In-the-ear In-the-canal

Hearing aids for dogs?

BAHA & Bone conduction aids

Cochlear implants

Cochlear Implants

Classroom Soundfield Systems FM system Infrared System

Personal FM Systems

Causes of Hearing Loss due to Outer Ear Abnormality  Ear Canal Blocked  Outer Ear Infections  i.e. swimmer’s ear  Birth defects  atresia/microtia  Pits/tags – may indicate an INNER ear abnormality

Microtia/Atresia

Pits and skin tags

Causes of Hearing Loss due to Middle Ear Abnormality  Middle ear infections  Ossicular Chain Disruption  head injury  Otosclerosis  Syndromes: Down’s, Treacher Collins

Down’s Syndrome

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Other Causes of Hearing Loss due to Inner Ear Abnormality  Noise Exposure  Ototoxic medications  Meniere’s Disease & Fistula  Illnesses involving high fever - Meningitis, Mumps, Scarlet Fever, Smallpox, Rubella  Heredity  Aging  Syndromes – Michel’s & Mondini’s, Usher’s, Waardenburg’s,

Haircell Damage

Waardenburg’s Syndrome

Newborn Hearing Screening (ABR)

Puretone Testing

Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE)

Play Audiometry

Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)