Created by Mrs. Laurent’s English IV Classes 2013

 The language of the Anglo-Saxons (up to about 1150), a highly inflected language with a largely Germanic vocabulary, very different from modern English.

 This word derived from weorþan, meaning “to become”  This word is one of the hardest to explain and the most misunderstood  The literal meaning is that which has turned' or 'that which has become‘  Also meaning fate

 Anglo-Saxons valued courage as well as strength  Courage is tested in the dark and dangerous world

 They also value protecting their people along with generosity  That is why the courage of many is tested

 The Roman Armies withdrew from Britain early in the fifth century because they were needed back home to defend the crumbling centre of the Empire.

 Anglo-Saxon armies were usually small, with only a few hundred men. The soldiers had spears, axes, swords and bows and arrows. They wore helmets on their heads and carried wooden shields. Everyone fought on foot during a battle.

The Anglo-Saxon social structure consisted of tribal units led by chieftains ("kings," or "lords") who, theoretically at least, earned their respect from their warriors (or "retainers," or "thanes," the group being called a "comitatus").

 The relationship between a lord (or king) and his warriors is known as "Comitatus." Also know as a sworn bond, this relationship was meant not only to protect common land, but to protect the lord (king) as well.

 Kill the person that killed the slayer or pay the family money from you killing them.

 The early Anglo-Saxons were pagans. Much like the Vikings of Scandinavia, they believed in many gods. The king of the Anglo-Saxon gods, for example, was Woden - a German version of the Scandinavian god Odin. 

 Anglo-Saxons were superstitious. They believed in lucky charms. They thought 'magic' rhymes, potions, stones or jewels would protect them from evil spirits or sickness.  /

 To many Anglo-Saxons it was hard to choose between Christianity and Paganism.  It was a decision between choosing what you’ve been taught to believe and wanting to take the easy way out, where all you have to do is believe to be accepted into God’s arms.  Many Anglo-Saxons chose to become Christians while many chose to stay Pagans.

 Hadrian’s Wall is a wall marking the northern frontier of Roman Britain. P jpg discoveradventure.com 2048 × Discover Adventure - UK - Hadrian's Wall Trekathon Similar Similar More sizes More sizes Done reporting

 Hadrian's Wall- marking the northern frontier of Roman Britain.  Roman soldiers built Hadrian’s wall 300 years before the Anglo Saxons came.

 Sutton Ho is a site in Suffolk, England, of a king’s ship-burial. Excavations at Sutton Ho uncovered an Anglo-Saxon royal burial site filled with many priceless treasures.

 It contained a fabulously rich burial, generally taken to be that of Raedwald, leader of the Wuffing dynasty of the East Angles, dated to c.625 A.D.

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was commissioned by King Alfred The Great (AD 890)

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles is a collection of annals in Old English chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons.

 Most of the information we have about the Anglo-Saxons comes from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a year-by-year account of all the major events of the time. Among other things it describes the rise and fall of the bishops and kings and the important battles of the period. It begins with the story of Hengist and Horsa in AD 449.

The types of houses the Anglo-Saxon people lived in were made of wood and straw. See examples below:

The insides of the house Anglo-Saxons were finished nicely for their time period with mostly wooden floors and upgraded furnishings such as pots for cooking. See examples below:

 Women wore long dresses.  Women spun the wool from sheep and goats to make thread. They used a loom to weave the thread into cloth.

 Men wore tunics, with tight trousers or leggings, wrapped around with strips of cloth or leather.

 Anglo-Saxon houses were built of wood and had thatched roofs.  Each family house had one room, with a hearth with a fire for cooking, heating and light. A metal cooking pot hung from a chain above the fire.

 Combines two words to create an evocative and imaginative alternate word; experiment with the rhythm sounds and imagery. Three Examples: -bone house = the human body -wave floaters = ship -helmet bearer = warrior The term derives from the use of the old Norse verb.

 A figure of speech in which consonants, especially at the beginning of words, or stressed syllables, are repeated … ex. Five miles meandering with a mazy motion.

Alliteration is a figure of speech in which consonants, especially at the beginning of words, or stressed syllables,are repeated

 A break or pause in a line of poetry of the language, dictated, usually, by the natural rhythm

The Role of Fate Wyrd often saves an undoomed hero as long as his courage is good

 A lord gave his men gifts in return for their loyalty

 Beowulf is an epic poem that dates some time between CE

 Took place in the 6 th century  Denmark, and Sweden

HISTORY OF BEOWULF Dated back about 1300 years ago It was an epic poem It was written in Old English Considered the earliest major work of poetry. Poem is usually taught in translation because it was composed in Old English. Tells a noble story warrior for whom the poem is named.

Continued Beowulf becomes King Fights three battles Fights and kills the monster Grendal Kills Grendal’s mother Kills a dragon and then dies from his own wounds. Its divided into two parts The first section tells about Beowulf’s adventures Second section tells about his rule of the Greats. Beowulf dies a hero protecting his kingdom

 Epic poem that dates sometime between, C.E.  Earliest major work of English poetry  Composed in Old English

 Beowulf is composed in Old English.  Beowulf exists in an Anglo-Saxon manuscript. The manuscript was originally created by two scribes. The manuscript was damaged in a fire in 1731, leaving the pages burned and brittle. The pages were pasted into frames in 1845 to protect them.

 The great king  Hygelac  Hrothgar  Onela  Beowulf

 The story is about a noble warrior who becomes King of the Geats and fights three epic battles. He fights and kills the monster Grendel. He fights and kills Grendel’s mother. He fights and kills a dragon and then dies from his own wounds.