Political systems of the Czech Republic and the ESC The branches of political power Veronika Vobořilová, V8A 10.3.2016

Content Introduction The UK: the legislative branch the executive branch the judicial branch The USA: the legislative branch The Czech Republic: the legislative branch Summary

Introduction Checks and Balances

The legislative branch – the UK the Parliament – the House of Lords + the House of Commons the House of Lords – Parliament's upper house , 700 lords – hereditary members, lifetime peers the House of Commons – Parliament's lower house, 650 members, 5-year terms debating and passing laws, debating current issues Wesminster in London upper/lower house – horní/dolní komora peer – člen Sněmovny lordů

The executive branch – the UK Her Majesty's Government (HMG) the Prime Minister and his Cabinet over 80 ministers carries out the laws answerable to the Parliament carry out – vykovávat answerable – odpovědný

The judicial branch – the UK independent three distinct systems of laws – English law, Northern Ireland law, Scots law enforcing the laws headed by the Supreme Court of the UK distincs – odlišný enforce – uvést v platnost

The legislative branch – the USA the United States Congress Senate (100 members, 6-year term) + House of Representatives (435 members, 2 year-term) responsible for writing and passing bills approving treaties, regulating trade and money a bill – návrh zákona approve - schvalovat

The executive branch – the USA the President – the head of state and military vice president and the Cabinet elected for a 4-year term one of the world's most powerful people

The judicial branch – the USA the U.S. Supreme Court interprets the meaning of the Constitution nine judges appoited by the president Supreme Court justices serve on the Court for life

The legislative branch – the CR the Parliament (two chambres) the Chamber of Deputies (200 members, 4-year term) + the Senate (81 members, every two years one third is renewed) passing laws, signing international treaties the Chamber of Deputies – Poslanecká sněmovna

The executive branch – the CR the President (the head of state) + the Government (the Prime Minister, Bohuslav Sobotka) Cabinet – the Prime Minister and Ministers the president – elected every five years, Miloš Zeman enforcing laws made by the Parliament, foreign affairs, defence policy, industry, agriculture, transport etc.

Straka Akademy – the seat of the Government

The judicial branch – the CR represented by courts at various levels the Constitutional Court (rules on constitutional issues) + the Supreme Court (the highest court of appeals) applying the law in individual cases judges serve for an unlimited period of time the Supreme Court – Nejvyšší soud the Constitutional Court – Nejvyšší správní soud

the Supreme Court the Constitutional Court

Summary The UK The USA The CR The legislative branch the Parliament – the House of Lords, the House of Commons The United State Congress – the Senate, the House of Representatives The Parliament – the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate The executive branch The British Government – the Prime Minister and his Cabinet The President (+ vicepresident, the Cabinet) The President, the Government The judicial branch The Supreme Court of the UK The U.S. Supreme Court the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court

Sources Politics of the Czech Republic. 9.3.2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_the_Czech_Republic#Executive_b ranch Political system of the Czech Republic. 9.3.2016. http://www.mzv.cz/sofia/en/about_the_czech_republic/political_system_o f_the_czech_republic/index.html Politics of the United States of America. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States Overviews of the UK government. 9.3.2016. http://study.com/academy/lesson/overview-of-the-uk-government.html Systems of governemnt. 9.3.2016. http://maturitni- otazky.superstudent.cz/materialy/system-of-government