Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 1 Autonomous Rover Reflectance Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets Francisco Calderón David R. Thompson David Wettergreen Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University NASA ASTEP NNG0-4GB66G
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 2 Agenda Introducing spectrometer transects Image analysis and rock detection Visual servo procedure Amboy field test results
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 3 Previous work in autonomous spectroscopy Antarctic Meteorite Search (Pedersen et al., 2001) Single Cycle Instrument Placement (Pedersen et al., 2004, Madison 2006, etc.) OASIS system (Castaño et al., 2005, 2006, 2007) Autonomous spectrum intepretation (Bornstein et al., 2005, etc.) Our goal: multiple targets, many samples
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 4 Spectrometer transects Scientists specify: Goal location Time budget (allocated to traverse segments) Rover: Navigates to the goal Detects and tracks multiple target features Pauses to collect spectra while time remains goal
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 5 Architecture spectrum rock database correspondence search visual servoing pan/tilt cameras VIS/ NIR 1. Image analysis 2. Data acquisition rock detection SIFT keypoint detection
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 6 Image analysis: Rock detection [OpenCV libraries, Thompson and Castaño 2007]
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 7 Modified Viola / Jones method Filter Cascade A (Left-lit) detected rocks input image max Filter Cascade B (Right-lit) [OpenCV libraries, Calderón and Thompson 2008]
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 8 Typical spectrometer targets
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 9 Spectrometer targeting ASD FieldSpec Pro VIS/NIR Spectrometer
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen Calibration with white reference
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen Feedforward kinematic pointing
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen Visual servo: SIFT matching database
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen Visual servo: feedback control Stereo depth -> desired (u,v) Pan-tilt servo update with image Jacobian (u, v)
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 14 Rock tracking example Movie courtesy Dom Jonak, CMU RI
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 15 Spectrum interpretation wavelength (nm) reflectance basalt sediment
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 16 Amboy Crater field tests Our system: 21 rocks (±3.9) in 40 minutes, automatic target selection Without rock detection and pointing: 0 rocks Rock detection precision: 90.8% (±2.6) 50m
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 17 Amboy Crater field tests Lost Track Rock Spectra Miss Trial Rock Spectra Rock Spectra Rock Spectra Lost Track Lost Track Lost Track
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 18 Accomplishments Fast spectroscopic profiles of rover transects Automatic spectroscopy calibration and interpretation Integrated feature detection, tracking, and mapping Average >1 rock spectrum per 2 minutes of rover travel time
Autonomous Rover Spectroscopy with Dozens of Targets / iSAIRAS 2008 / Caldeón, Thompson, Wettergreen 19 Thanks! CMU Field Robotics: Dom Jonak, James Teza ASU: Ron Greeley, Shelby Cave, Phil Christensen NASA ASTEP NNG0-4GB66G