Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 3 Pharmacy Ethics, Competencies, Associations, and Settings for Technicians

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1.Discuss historical data on technicians. 2.Describe the competencies involved in the pharmacy setting. 3.Explain the term nondiscretionary duties. Working in the Pharmacy Setting Lesson 3.1

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4.Describe various pharmacy setting requirements as they apply to technicians. 5.Describe how pharmacy has expanded onto the Internet. Working in the Pharmacy Setting (cont’d) Lesson 3.1

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6.State the pharmacy code of ethics. 7.Differentiate among licensing, registration, and certification. 8.List ways in which the PTCB national exam differs from the ICPT national exam 9.Describe the various national certification examinations and their requirements. Certification, Associations, and the Job Search Process Lesson 3.2

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10.Explore the various websites that can be used to attain continuing education credits. 11.List the new position openings for technicians that are available in the health care field. 12.Explain how networking is important in the search for a pharmacy technician. 13.List the associations available to technicians. Certification, Associations, and the Job Search Process (cont’d) Lesson 3.2

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14.Determine which attributes each pharmacy association has that are important to the technician. 15.Determine the ways to approach job searching. 16.Explain how the Internet can be used for research and information pertaining to pharmacy. Certification, Associations, and the Job Search Process (cont’d) Lesson 3.2

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION Job descriptions and educational requirements of pharmacy technicians are rapidly changing. - __________ responsibilities, higher education, more legal responsibilities, continuing ________ Each of the 50 states has ____ standardized the qualifications and job descriptions for the pharmacy technician.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION (CONT’D) Each state’s __________ of __________ determines what standards are and how they must be met by technicians. Technicians throughout the United States will become respected as pharmacy __________________.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. HISTORICAL DATA Historically, technicians have answered to a variety of titles such as the following:  Pharmacy __________  Pharmacist assistant  Pharmacy __________  Pharmacy technician  Pharmacy __________

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. HISTORICAL DATA (CONT’D) Job responsibilities include Billing ___________________ Stocking entering ___________ Answering phones Troubleshooting Cashiering, and running ___________

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. COMPETENCIES Common responsibilities of a pharmacy technician include: dosage forms, abbreviations, and ______ of administration; and conversions and calculations.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CURRENT QUALIFICATIONS Each state has its own Board of Pharmacy overseen by the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. A _______registers technicians and licenses pharmacists, and it also provides consumers with a way to ____________ or report any problems or illegal actions they have experienced in a pharmacy. A BOP reviews and ___________ current rules and regulations pertaining to pharmacy practice; expands use of technicians in the pharmacy field.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. NONDISCRETIONARY DUTIES Technicians perform many types of nondiscretionary duties. _____judgmental means that any task completed in a pharmacy setting must be checked and approved by a pharmacist. It limits technicians from interpreting scientific studies, counseling patients, or conferring with other medical personnel.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. BASIC NONDISCRETIONARY SKILLS Typing ____________ Reports and documentation __________________ supplies

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INPATIENT SETTING REQUIREMENTS _____________ pharmacy refers to hospitals in which patients stay overnight or longer, depending on the procedures they require. Inpatient pharmacies traditionally have a wider range of ________ than outpatient pharmacies.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INPATIENT SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Stat (___________) orders: technicians must be able to react quickly when emergency (stat) orders are received. Stat doses are to be delivered within ___ minutes to the stations requesting them (ER, OR, ICU, CCU).

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INPATIENT SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Inpatient pharmacy requires the ability to prepare parenterals, __________alimentations, and ___________therapy. Technicians are required to help the pharmacist answer phones, prepare first doses, load medication drawers (24- hour supply), and prepare unit dose medications.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INPATIENT SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Two reasons for repackaging medications:  The drug companies do not have the medication available in _____ dose  The hospital has chosen to prepare its own medication for _____-saving reasons

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INPATIENT SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Inventory technician, robot filler, IV technician, chemotherapy technician, ______coagulant technician, clinical technician, supervisory technician

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. COMMUNITY (OUTPATIENT) SETTING REQUIREMENTS Outpatient pharmacy is most difficult task because of front- line ______________ with patients on a daily basis. Job tests communication skills and ___________ level. There is a high volume of interacting on the telephone, taking in refill prescriptions, answering insurance questions.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. COMMUNITY (OUTPATIENT) SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Computer skills are needed to access patient information. Stock must be ordered in a timely manner. Billing to insurance companies and knowing the various rules, regulations, and special codes for each prescription is important.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. COMMUNITY (OUTPATIENT) SETTING REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D) Insurance billing technician, retail technician, stock inventory technician, technician recruiter, technician trainer

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CLOSED-DOOR PHARMACY REQUIREMENTS A ________ health pharmacy fits somewhere between an inpatient and an outpatient pharmacy. Technicians process medications for patients on a weekly or monthly basis. There are no patients, doctors, nurses, or other healthcare providers in this pharmacy.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Pharmacies are based away from hospital sites and are not open to the ____________. Medications are packaged in cardboard blister packs. CLOSED-DOOR PHARMACY REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Home health nurses provide services in the home setting and receive supplies from the pharmacy, or patient’s family could __________ or have supplies delivered. CLOSED-DOOR PHARMACY REQUIREMENTS (CONT’D)

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. MAIL ORDER PHARMACY/E-PHARMACY These types of pharmacies provide for common acquired illnesses specific to _____________ people. They are contained in large buildings in industrial areas that are used to process new or _________ prescriptions. Mail order is new area of pharmacy that is steadily growing.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PROFESSIONALISM Profession: a job, occupation, or line of work that becomes a career. Professional____: Conforming to right principles of conduct (work _________) as accepted by others in the profession.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. MORALS VS. ETHICS IN THE WORKPLACE Pharmacy technicians have a clear responsibility to the __________ on many levels. Although ethics tend to overlap many morals, they need to be separated in the workplace. See Pharmacy Technicians Code of Ethics, Box3-4.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PROTOCOL Protocol: a set of standardized _________ that are agreed on within a pharmacy setting Can encompass behavior, tasks required, as well as how drugs will be dispensed and ordered

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. COMMUNICATION Good communication skills include: diplomacy, compassion, sensitivity, responsibility, _________, and patience. Forms of communication include: listening skills, body language, verbal communication, phone etiquette, and ___________ skills.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CONFIDENTIALITY Patients have a right to ____________ concerning their medications, treatment, or any aspect of their health care.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS It may not be readily apparent who is a terminally ill patient. Be objective about each person who enters the pharmacy.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR THE PHARMACY TECHNICIAN STUDENT Curriculum and standards set by American Association of Health-care System Pharmacists (AHSP) Box 3-9

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHARMACY TECHNICIAN Four levels of pharmacy technicians:  _____________  Registered  _________________  No specialized training Qualifications may differ by state.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. NATIONAL CERTIFICATION FOR TECHNICIANS Two organizations certify pharmacy technicians:  Pharmacy Technician Certification _______ (PTCB)  Institute for the Certification of Pharmacy Technicians (ICPT)

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. NATIONAL CERTIFICATION FOR TECHNICIANS (CONT’D) The following are goals for pharmacy technicians:  To work more __________ with pharmacists  To provide greater patient care and services  To create a minimum standard of knowledge  To help employers determine knowledge base

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CONTINUING EDUCATION A technician who is nationally certified can use the title Certified Pharmacy Technician and place the letters __________ behind his or her name. Continuing education credits are necessary to maintain certification.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. CONTINUING EDUCATION ACPE offers CE specifically for pharmacy technicians. Pharmacy technicians can also take technician versions of tests for pharmacists. NABP recommends making certification a requirement for all technicians by ______.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. OPPORTUNITIES FOR TECHNICIANS Proper educational training (__ or __ in computer science) can lead to writing software or supplying support. One can also write curricula, articles, and books for technician training. Completion of a training program that offers a degree, such as a certificate, diploma, AA, AS, BA, or BS is possible.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. OPPORTUNITIES FOR TECHNICIANS (CONT’D) Pharmacy business management operator, computer support technician, software writer, author, poison control call center operator, ________ pharmacy technician, training program director/instructor, corporate pharmacy analysis, pharmacy supervisors, clinical coordinator

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. INCENTIVE PROGRAMS Pharmacies sometimes have incentive programs for employees who want to further their careers in pharmacy. Reimbursement of ________ costs or pay incentives Reimbursement for passing the PTCB examination

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PROFESSIONAL TECHNICIAN ASSOCIATIONS Four main associations concerned with _________ of pharmacy:  APhA, ASHP, AAPT, NCPA, NPTA  Provides resources to benefit career-oriented technician  CE, legislation, pharmacy technician division, journals, books, CE seminars, websites  See Table 3-3

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. THE JOB SEARCH Highlight education rather than work experience. Pharmacy is a _______________ profession. Professional dress, knowledge, competency required. Pharmacy technician to show public he or she is __________________. See Box 3-12 for job-searching websites.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. THE RESUME List jobs where you have had customer service or those where you managed yourself or others. Keep it to ____________ page. Line up references beforehand. See Box 3-13.

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. PROFESSIONAL DRESS Dressing professionally includes:  Proper clothing, shoes, and hairstyle  A lack of off-colored hair, facial jewelry, visible __________, or any other feature that detracts attention from your personality

Copyright © 2013 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. THE POSSIBILITIES Pharmacy profession changing Education requirements for pharmacists: ______ Pharmacist’s role: patient consultation, drug information provider Pharmacy technician role: clinical, chemotherapy, nuclear medicine, inventory