TOPIC: Nervous System Aim: Describe the CNS and PNS. Do Now: 1.Take out your Central Nervous System ISA. 2.Copy the Topic, Aim and HW. 3. With your neighbor,

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TOPIC: Nervous System Aim: Describe the CNS and PNS. Do Now: 1.Take out your Central Nervous System ISA. 2.Copy the Topic, Aim and HW. 3. With your neighbor, DISCUSS the answers to questions 1 – 4 on the next slide. HW: Ditto - Nervous System Review #’s 1 – 3 (back of Nervous System Introduction worksheet)

1. Identify the area labeled X. 2. Identify the pink structures released into area X. 3. Identify the structures that the pink substances attach to. 4. In one sentence, describe what is occurring in this animation. X Neurotransmitters Receptors The impulse is traveling across the synapse. Synapse

2 parts of the nervous system

Central Nervous System: –Brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System: –All nerves that branch off the spinal cord

Watch the video to answer the following questions: 1.Identify the type of neuron found in the CNS. 2.Identify the TWO types of neurons found in the PNS.

INTERNEURONS SENSORY NEURONS MOTOR NEURONS

SENSORY NEURON MOTOR NEURON

Central Nervous System: –Brain and spinal cord –INTERNEURONS

Peripheral Nervous System: –All nerves that branch of the spinal cord –SENSORY and MOTOR neurons

Brain Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata

Parts of the Brain Medulla

Allows us to have thoughts, emotions, memories, and imagination Responsible for our SENSES

Reasoning, planning, speech, movement, emotions, problem solving Receives impulses from skin Receives impulses from eyes Important for memory, receives impulses from ears

In Alzheimer’s disease, unusual proteins build up in and around neurons in the parts of the brain that control memory. When these neurons die, people lose their capacity to remember and their ability to do everyday tasks.

Balance and coordination

Controls our INVOLUNTARY actions and reflexes

Did you know… An average adult male brain weighs about 1375 grams. An average adult female brain is about 1275 grams. Only four percent of the brain's cells work while the remaining cells are kept in reserve.

Did you know… The human brain alone consists of about a 100 billion neurons. If all these neurons were to be lined up, it would form a 600 mile long line. As we get older, the brain loses almost one gram per year. In humans, the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, while the left side of the brain controls the right side.

Identify the structure that protects your brain. Skull Cranium protects the brain

Spinal Cord How the brain communicates with body

Protected by VERTEBRAE

Did you know… There are about 13, 500,00 neurons in the human spinal cord.

Path of an impulse through the body

1.Receptor 2.Sensory neurons 3.Interneurons 4.Motor neurons 5.Effector (PNS) (CNS) (PNS)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Lou Gehrig’s disease is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurological disease that attacks the neurons responsible for controlling voluntary muscles such as those in the arms, legs, and face. The disease belongs to a group of disorders known as motor neuron diseases, which are characterized by the gradual degeneration and death of motor neurons.

Review: 1. Identify the two divisions of the nervous system. 2. Identify the structures that make up the CNS. 3. Identify the kinds of neurons makeup the CNS. 4. Identify the kinds of neurons makeup the PNS. 5. Identify the main parts of the brain. 6. Identify the structures that protect the spinal cord. 7. Identify the path of an impulse when it travels through the body. Central and peripheral nervous systems. Brain and spinal cord Interneurons Sensory and motor neurons cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla Vertebrae receptor, sensory neuron, interneurons, motor neuron, effector

The diagram below represents two neurons. 1.Identify the space in between nerve cell X and Y. 2.Identify substance A. 3.Identify the part of the neuron that releases substance A. 4.Identify the structure on nerve cell Y that substance A attaches to. 5.What happens if substance A was not released? synapse neurotransmitters receptors The impulse will not travel to the next neuron. terminal branches

Reflex Arc

SPINAL CORD Sensory neuron Motor neuron CNS PNS

comic.htmlhttp://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/flash/ comic.html

Compare and contrast the CNS and PNS. BOTH the CNS and PNS consist of neurons. The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists of all nerves extending from the spinal cord. The CNS consists of INTERNEURONS. The PNS consists of sensory and motor neurons.