TURKISH EDUCATION SYSTEM

1. EDUCATION POPULATION AND LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION population: (according to Address Based Cencus results of Dec. 2014) 0-14 age: 24.6 % age: 67.4 % 65 and over: 7.3 % population in compulsory education: instruction language in all levels: Turkish foreign language education: mostly English, German, French partly or fully education with a foreign language in some secondary and higher education minority language education in some schools

2. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL MoNE (Ministry of National Education): controls both public and private schools controls formal and non-formal education (except for higher education) prepares curriculum, maintains coordination between educational institutions, constructs buildings… in the provinces: Provincial Directorate of Education

supervision: both central and regional level (supervision of secondary schools by MoNE inspectors-central level) (supervision of primary schools by primary education inspectors-regional level) Higher education institutions: autonomous but submit annual reports to Higher Education Council (responsible for planning and coordination) 2. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL

3. PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION optional covers children between months public schools (free of charge)and private schools (charge fees)

4. COMPULSORY EDUCATION between 6-17 public schools and private schools covers primary, secondary and high schools school year: not less than 180 work days two semesters education from Monday to Friday 40-minute lessons average number of lessons a day: 6-10 average number of lessons a week: 30-50

4. COMPULSORY EDUCATION maximum number of students per class: officially 30 (differs from 20 to 40 depending on the region) same age group students in classes co-education free textbooks by the Mone for grades 1 to 4, class teachers mainly responsible for other grades, subject teachers responsible

4. COMPULSORY EDUCATION curriculum control and content: by MoNE textbook determination: by MoNE assessment: process-based (projects, exam scores, performance homework, classroom participation, attendance, behaviour) repetition: possible but rare

5.HIGHER EDUCATION consists of: universities (4-6 years), higher technology institutes (4 years), vocational higher schools (2 years) qualifications: associate degree diploma, BA degree, MA degree, PhD (doctoral) degree admission: having a high school diploma and being successful in university entrance exams (YGS- entrance to higher education exam and LYS-License placement exam)

6.TYPES OF SCHOOLS Pre-primary months PrimaryGrade 1-4Ages 6-9 SecondaryGrade 5-8Ages High SchoolGrade 9-12Ages University-Ages 18-21(normally)

7.SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION individuals with: mental disability, more disabilities than one, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, impediment of speech and language, emotional and behavioural disorder, visual impairment, hearing impairment, orthopedic disorder, autistic disorder and gifted individuals attendance: needed for mainstreaming but various schools and homeschooling exist for the ones who cannot attend regular schools identified by: Guidance and Research Centres

8.TEACHERS degree: 4-year bachelor degree level: generalist teachers at primary level; specialist teachers at secondary and high school level (some at primary level-foreign language, music, painting, physical education, computer and religious studies) newly appointed teachers: start with the title of «candidate teacher»

RESOURCES