ASER Pakistan A citizen led initiative Public & Private Trends - Post ASER Dialogue Jan. 29, 2013

Section I: Scale of Survey

Policy dialogue – Post ASER 2012 Objectives The ASER 2012 launch on January 28 th followed up by a Post ASER 2012 Dialogue. The key objectives are: to influence specific policies and actions for education and, to contribute to global conversations on learning and quality, public private provisions, early childhood care and education and education financing. Dialogue anchored in the Right to Education (RTE) Article 25A debates underway in Pakistan. ASER 2012 to provide evidence to key strands of the dialogue.

ASER 2012 – SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION Children (3-16 Years)Schools National Districts Covered Villages/ Blocks House Hold FemaleMaleTotalMothersGov.Pvt.Total Rural1364,03380,209101,236143,241244,47781,4173,9341,6605,594 Urban61932,3122,9304,0376,9672, Rural + Urban 1424,22682,521104,166147,278251,44483,7464,1171,8275,944 31% Private Schools

Section II: Access (Schooling)

Pre-School Enrollment (3-5 Years) – Rural  Enrollment of children of 3 – 5 years 37% in 2012  Enrollment highest in Urban 55% compared to Rural 37% % Children who attend different types of pre-schools Age group Govt. Non-state providers Out-of- school Total Pvt. Madras ah Others Total By type % Private schools

Enrollment (6-16 years) – Rural  77% of 6-16 year olds in rural districts are enrolled in schools  74% enrollment in Govt. schools  26% Rural children enrolled in private/ non-state sector  23% of children are out of school % Children in different types of schools % Out-of- school Total Age group Gov t. Non-state providers Never enrolle d Drop - out Pvt. Madrasa h Other s Total By type out of every Children is Out-of-School Never Enrolled still higher than dropout rate

Out-of-School children (6-16)

Gendered Comparison: Out of School Children (6-16 years)  There are more Girls out of school than boys

Section III: Quality

Learning Levels (Class 5): Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto

g Learning Levels (Class 5): English

Learning Levels (Class 5): Arithmetic

Learning levels – Boys vs. Girls (5-16 Years)  Girls continue to lag behind boys in learning levels Girls are behind boys by 9% in basic Arithmetic

Type of SchoolsNumber of Schools Surveyed Percentage Government Schools3,93470% Private Schools1,66030% Total5,594- Type of SchoolsNumber of Schools Surveyed Percentage Government Schools18352% Private Schools16748% Total350- Urban Outreach: 6 Cities Rural Outreach: 136 Districts Public vs. Private  Trends in Education (By Type of School)

Public vs. Private  Trends in Enrollment (By Type of School & Gender) RuralUrban

Learning levels – Public vs. Private  Learning Levels are better in Private schools overall  48% children in government and 63% children in private schools in class 5 can read class 2 Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto story.  43% of the children in class 5 Government schools and 64% of children in private schools can read English sentences.

Additional learning support – Paid Tuition  Children in urban areas are more likely to take paid tuition Urban Rural 6% Government and 25% Private enrolled children take tuition in Rural Areas

Section IV: School Attendance & Facilities

Attendance - Students and Teachers  1 in every 5 children in government schools was absent from school  Overall attendance is better in Private schools Children Attendance (%) on the day of visit Government schoolsPrivate schools PrimaryElementaryHighOthersOverallPrimaryElementaryHighOthersOverall Children attendance Teacher attendance  13% and 14% teachers in private and government schools respectively were found to be absent

Multi-grade Classes Around 50% government school children of class 2 sit with other classes vs. 28% in Private Schools BUT 22% grade 8 students in Private schools sit with other classes vs. 17% grade 8 students in Government schools

Basic Facilities – Improved but not Sufficient 50% of government primary schools do not have functional toilet facilities 39% 39% primary government schools still do not have useable water 38% 38% primary government schools still do not have boundary walls

Section V: Other dimensions that influence teaching and learning

Mother tongue/ Home Language 41 different languages were used throughout Pakistan. 5 common languages were; Pashto (27%), Punjabi (19%), Sindhi (16%), Balochi (10%) Siraiki 7%) and 21% used other languages Other Lanuages included : Urdu, Brahvi, Shina. Balti, Burushaski, Chitrali, Potwari, Gujrati, Khowar, Dhatki, Kashmiri, Bolari, English, Pahari, Rakhshani, Kutchi, Kohistani, Baltistan, Khetrani, Rachnavi, Wakhi, Rangri, Torwali, Yatgha, Myuti, Ridkhan, Mewati, Koli Muhajri, Hindko, Marathi, Marwari, Darkhan, Persion,)

Parental Education Urban Rural  Rural: 78% mothers vs 53% fathers did not complete primary education. . Urban: 45% Mothers vs 28% Fathers did not complete primary education

Section VI: How far have we come on RTE compliance?

Action to RTE 25 A Implementation RTE 25 A provides for children 5-16 years of age covering pre primary to secondary or grade X education State needs all partners to make this happen – public and all non state partners What is the approach towards partnerships Education Foundations financing affordable or low cost private schools (APS) Donors /Education Fund for Sindh funding APS

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