Earth Forces Plate boundaries and what they mean to the earth.

Learning Outcomes. By the end of this topic I will be able to:  Explain what we mean by plates and plate boundaries  Say where the plate boundaries are in the world.  Explain why volcanoes and earthquakes happen at plate boundaries.  Explain what we mean by plates and plate boundaries  Say where the plate boundaries are in the world.  Explain why volcanoes and earthquakes happen at plate boundaries.

Lesson re-cap  With the person sitting beside you discuss the structure of the Earth (what we learnt last time).  Can you remember all of the layers?  With the person sitting beside you discuss the structure of the Earth (what we learnt last time).  Can you remember all of the layers?

The Structure of the earth. Re-Cap

The structure of the earth.   Re-Cap

Fossil Mystery?  In 1969, during a scientific expedition in Antarctica, a team of scientists discovered the fossil remains of the skull of a dinosaur. It was called Listrasaurus, a very large dinosaur, and it had been found before, but no where near the Antarctic.  They knew it fed on lush green vegetation and it lived in a tropical climate. Other fossils had been found in India.  Which of the following theories do think are true? 1.The fossil was found there because the dinosaur swam across. 2.The Antarctic once had a hotter climate. 3.The Antarctic was once attached to India. 4.The Dinosaur could survive in the Arctic climate.  You must give reasons for your answers.  In 1969, during a scientific expedition in Antarctica, a team of scientists discovered the fossil remains of the skull of a dinosaur. It was called Listrasaurus, a very large dinosaur, and it had been found before, but no where near the Antarctic.  They knew it fed on lush green vegetation and it lived in a tropical climate. Other fossils had been found in India.  Which of the following theories do think are true? 1.The fossil was found there because the dinosaur swam across. 2.The Antarctic once had a hotter climate. 3.The Antarctic was once attached to India. 4.The Dinosaur could survive in the Arctic climate.  You must give reasons for your answers. Starter

Fossil Mystery?  Video  ce/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.plateintro/ ce/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.plateintro/  Animation  h/pangea_4.htm h/pangea_4.htm  Video  ce/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.plateintro/ ce/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.plateintro/  Animation  h/pangea_4.htm h/pangea_4.htm

Pangaea.  Millions of years ago the continents that we know today were one land mass called Pangaea.  Collect the Pangaea hand out and identify each continent. Use an atlas to help you. Colour code each continent so you can see the difference clearly.  Millions of years ago the continents that we know today were one land mass called Pangaea.  Collect the Pangaea hand out and identify each continent. Use an atlas to help you. Colour code each continent so you can see the difference clearly.

Why do volcanoes and Earthquakes Happen? Read pages 72 and 73 in the S1/S2 textbook then answer the following questions in your jotters under the heading ‘Why do volcanoes and earthquakes happen’. Answer questions in full sentences. 1.When was the earth formed? 2.How far do the plates move each year? 3.Why do plates move? 4.What do we call the place where two plates meet? 5.What two events can be caused by plate movements? 1.When was the earth formed? 2.How far do the plates move each year? 3.Why do plates move? 4.What do we call the place where two plates meet? 5.What two events can be caused by plate movements?

Tectonic Plates.  Activity:  Turn to page 74 in the “S1/S2 Geography” book and look at figure 5.6  Go over the plate boundary lines on your map in one colour (not blue).  Answer the following questions in your jotter in full sentences: 1.Name any 3 plates. 2.Which plate is Scotland on? 3.Name 2 plates that are colliding. 4.Name 2 plates that are moving apart. 5.Why do you think Scotland does not have earthquakes? 6.Why does Japan have many earthquakes? 7.Lightly shade in the different plates (in different colours).  Activity:  Turn to page 74 in the “S1/S2 Geography” book and look at figure 5.6  Go over the plate boundary lines on your map in one colour (not blue).  Answer the following questions in your jotter in full sentences: 1.Name any 3 plates. 2.Which plate is Scotland on? 3.Name 2 plates that are colliding. 4.Name 2 plates that are moving apart. 5.Why do you think Scotland does not have earthquakes? 6.Why does Japan have many earthquakes? 7.Lightly shade in the different plates (in different colours). Extension: What places in the world do you think will have the most Volcanic and Earthquake activity.

What happens at plate boundaries?  tem.action?quick=12o tem.action?quick=12o  tem.action?quick=12o tem.action?quick=12o

Map of Volcanic activity

Map of the Earthquake activity

What ways can plates move? What do you know already?  Colliding or Destructive plate boundaries.  Parting or Constructive plate boundaries.  Transform plate boundaries  Colliding or Destructive plate boundaries.  Parting or Constructive plate boundaries.  Transform plate boundaries

Movement of the plates.  What happens at parting plate boundaries?  ateMotion.swf ateMotion.swf  What happens at parting plate boundaries?  ateMotion.swf ateMotion.swf

What happens at parting plate boundaries? 1) H____ pushes magma up towards the _______ 2) The convection currents move the ______ apart. 3) ______ breaks through and creates new land.

What happens at colliding plate boundaries?  ateMotion.swf ateMotion.swf  ateMotion.swf ateMotion.swf

What happens at colliding plate boundaries? Mantle 1) Two ______ move into each other and ______. 2) The ______ of the two is forced under. 3) It is forced down into the ______ and becomes magma. 4) This can cause both ________ and _________. Oceanic crust >>>> Mantle <<<<Continental crust Plates Collide weaker Mantle earthquakes Volcanic eruptions

Fold mountains.  What is a fold mountain?  This is a mountain that is created due to two plates colliding and pushing the land up.  Examples are:  The Alps,  The Himalayas,  The Andes  What is a fold mountain?  This is a mountain that is created due to two plates colliding and pushing the land up.  Examples are:  The Alps,  The Himalayas,  The Andes

3,4,5 You have 3 minutes To tell 4 people 5 things that you know About Earth Forces