Tissue: Structure and Function Chapter 27.2

Tissue A group of cells and cell products of similar structure that perform a common function

Histology The study of tissues, especially their structure and arrangement

Basic Tissue Types Epithelial Epithelial Connective Connective Muscle Muscle Nervous Nervous

Organ A group of tissues organized into a functional unit

System Organs working together as functional units

Epithelial Tissue Sheet-like layer of cells Sheet-like layer of cells Cover surfaces or line cavities Cover surfaces or line cavities Often has glandular cells for fluid secretion Often has glandular cells for fluid secretion Endothelium Endothelium Epithelium that lines heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels Epithelium that lines heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Epithelial Types Simple Epithelium Simple Epithelium Simple squamous – inside blood vessels Simple squamous – inside blood vessels Simple cuboidal – lines ducts, ex. Kidney tubules, mucus glands Simple cuboidal – lines ducts, ex. Kidney tubules, mucus glands Simple columnar – lining of small intestine Simple columnar – lining of small intestine Pseudostratified Columnar – trachea, bronchi Pseudostratified Columnar – trachea, bronchi

Figure 09.9a

Figure 09.9b

Pseudostratified Columnar

Stratified Epithelium Stratified Epithelium Stratified squamous - skin Stratified squamous - skin Transitional – urinary tract and bladder Transitional – urinary tract and bladder Epithelial Types

Tissue that connects-CONNECTIVE Tissue that connects-CONNECTIVE Loose CT Loose CT adipose (fat) adipose (fat) Dense CT Dense CT Cartilage, Bone Cartilage, Bone Vascular tissue-Blood Vascular tissue-Blood Erythrocytes: RBC– carry O2 Erythrocytes: RBC– carry O2 Leukocytes: WBC– part of the immune system Leukocytes: WBC– part of the immune system Platelets - clotting Platelets - clotting

Adipose (fat)

Figure 09.11c

Figure 09.11d

Erythrocytes: Red Blood Cells

Leucocytes: White Blood Cells

Platelets

Nervous Tissue Includes Nerves, Spinal Cord, Brain Includes Nerves, Spinal Cord, Brain Nerve cells are called neurons Nerve cells are called neurons Function: to send signals throughout the body. Function: to send signals throughout the body.

Neuron

Muscle Tissue Types Smooth Muscle-Found in most organs (=Involuntary Muscle) Smooth Muscle-Found in most organs (=Involuntary Muscle) Ex. Small intestine Ex. Small intestine Skeletal Muscle-Attached to the bones Skeletal Muscle-Attached to the bones (=Voluntary Muscle) Ex. Large muscles of body (=Voluntary Muscle) Ex. Large muscles of body Cardiac Muscle –Heart Cardiac Muscle –Heart pumps blood, part of it dies pumps blood, part of it dies if you have a heart attack.

Homeostasis: Balance (27.3)