Animal Kingdom Living Environment

Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophs whose cells lack cell walls Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophs whose cells lack cell walls – There are two basic kinds Vertebrates Vertebrates Invertebrates Invertebrates Animalia

What Do Animals Do? Feeding: They eat other organisms (heterotrophs) Feeding: They eat other organisms (heterotrophs) Respiration: Take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide Respiration: Take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide Circulation: Transport nutrients and gases around the body Circulation: Transport nutrients and gases around the body Excretion: Get rid of ammonia Excretion: Get rid of ammonia Response/Movement: Respond to stimuli, most can move Response/Movement: Respond to stimuli, most can move Reproduction: Most reproduce sexually Reproduction: Most reproduce sexually

Symmetry Radial Symmetry-Some animals have bodies which are symmetrical across any line drawn through the center of their bodies. Radial Symmetry-Some animals have bodies which are symmetrical across any line drawn through the center of their bodies. Bilateral-Only one line drawn through the body is symmetrical. Bilateral-Only one line drawn through the body is symmetrical.

Cephalization Cephalization-The tendency for the sense organs to be grouped at the anterior, or head, end of the organism. Cephalization-The tendency for the sense organs to be grouped at the anterior, or head, end of the organism.

Invertebrates 35 Different Phylla of Invertebrates (Animals that don’t have a backbone) 35 Different Phylla of Invertebrates (Animals that don’t have a backbone) Sponges- Multicellular, eukaryotic, no cell walls, and heterotrophic. Provide habitat for other animals Sponges- Multicellular, eukaryotic, no cell walls, and heterotrophic. Provide habitat for other animals Cnidarians- Soft-bodied, carnivorous, animals with stinging tentacles, and specialized tissues Cnidarians- Soft-bodied, carnivorous, animals with stinging tentacles, and specialized tissues

Worms Worms-Generally long and slender, with a central digestive cavity Worms-Generally long and slender, with a central digestive cavity – Flatworms-Soft, flattened, with internal organs and tissues – Roundworms-Similar to flatworms, but with a round body cavity – Annelids-Segmented worms with long slender bodies

Mollusks Mollusk-Soft-bodied animal that usually has a protective shell, either internal or external Mollusk-Soft-bodied animal that usually has a protective shell, either internal or external – E.g. Clams, oysters, snails, octopi, squid

Arthropods Arthropods-Segmented bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages Arthropods-Segmented bodies, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages – Crustaceans- Lobsters, shrimp, crab – Arachnids-Spiders, Scorpions, mites – Insects-Butterflies, beetles, ants, etc. Insects go through a life cycle Insects go through a life cycle Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult This change is called metamorphosis This change is called metamorphosis

Echinoderms Echinoderms-have a spiny skin, internal skeleton, water vascular system, and suction cup-like feet. Echinoderms-have a spiny skin, internal skeleton, water vascular system, and suction cup-like feet. E.g. sea stars and sea urchin E.g. sea stars and sea urchin

Vertebrates Vertebrates are classified in just one phylum: Chordata Vertebrates are classified in just one phylum: Chordata The five classes of vertebrates are: The five classes of vertebrates are: Fishes (Pisces) Fishes (Pisces) Amphibians (Amphibia) Amphibians (Amphibia) Birds (Aves) Birds (Aves) Reptiles (Reptilia) Reptiles (Reptilia) Mammals (Mammalia) Mammals (Mammalia)

Chordates A Chordate is any species that has, at least at some stage of its life: A Chordate is any species that has, at least at some stage of its life: – A hollow nerve cord (spinal cord) – Pharyngeal pouches (lungs or gills) – A Tail that extends beyond the anus

Fish (Pisces) Fish were the first vertebrates to evolve. Early fish had no jaws, but most modern fish do. Fish have fins and gills. Small fish eat protozoans and algae, while bigger fish eat other fish. Fish were the first vertebrates to evolve. Early fish had no jaws, but most modern fish do. Fish have fins and gills. Small fish eat protozoans and algae, while bigger fish eat other fish.

Amphibians Amphibians-Live part of their lives in water, usually the larval stage, and can live on land as an adult because they have lungs. Amphibians-Live part of their lives in water, usually the larval stage, and can live on land as an adult because they have lungs. – Use both skin and lungs to help them breathe – Have several life stages, which often look very different from each other.

Reptiles (Reptilia) Reptile-A vertebrate that has dry scaly skin, lungs and lays terrestrial eggs. Reptile-A vertebrate that has dry scaly skin, lungs and lays terrestrial eggs. Most reptiles are cold-blooded, but dinosaurs were probably warm-blooded. Most reptiles are cold-blooded, but dinosaurs were probably warm-blooded.

Birds (Aves) Birds-Reptile-like animals that have feathers and wings. They are warm- blooded. Their legs are covered in scales and are modified for walking or perching. Evidence suggests that they are descended from dinosaurs. Birds-Reptile-like animals that have feathers and wings. They are warm- blooded. Their legs are covered in scales and are modified for walking or perching. Evidence suggests that they are descended from dinosaurs.

Mammals (Mammalia) Mammals-Animals that have hair or fur, mammary glands, are warm blooded, breathe air, and reproduce their young internally. Mammals-Animals that have hair or fur, mammary glands, are warm blooded, breathe air, and reproduce their young internally. – Placental mammals-The young is nourished inside the mother until they are fully developed – Marsupials-The young are nourished inside a pouch after a certain stage of development – Monotremes-Weird mammals, found in Australia, that lay eggs, instead of bearing live young.

Mammals