Principles of Color Technology

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Presentation transcript:

Principles of Color Technology Chapter 4 Measuring Color Quality -ROY S. BERNs Speaker : Yi-Ling Chen (陳宜伶) Advisor: Prof. Han-Ping D. Shieh (謝漢萍教授) Prof. Yi-Pai Huang (黃乙白教授) Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan April 10 2008

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

All current color digital-imaging standards and practices use CIELAB. Introduction Color-difference research CIELUV CIELAB CIELAB Adams-Nickerson McLaren McDonald Hunter All current color digital-imaging standards and practices use CIELAB.

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

Weighted Color-Difference Equations (i) - Prior Equation The earliest weighted equation - 1936 Nickerson The optimized weighted equation -1942 Adams-Nickerson Developing a weighted equation requires a dataset of visual judgments.

Weighted Color-Difference Equations (ii) - Example RIT-DuPont dataset

JPC 79 Equation McDonald’s JPC 79 equation The sensitivity of delta H is modified by chroma and hue angle in JPC 97 equation.

CMC Color-Difference Equation Issues of McDonald’s JPC 79 equation - Dark colors - Near-neutral colors McLaren CMC (l:c) equation l ,c : weight of lightness and chroma CMC (2:1) = McDonald’s JPC 79 equation Compared with JPC 79 equation: 1. L*<16 SL=0.511 ,unless 2. The CMC equation is the optimized equation from JPC 79 equation by the user.

BFD Equation Dataset - Luo-Rigg dataset BFD Equation The arithmetic mean values of standard and batch in C and h are used in BFD equation.

The reference condition is considered! CIE94 Three dataset -Writt -Luo-Rigg -RIT-DuPont CIE 94 color difference equation The reference condition is considered!

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

Color Tolerance Experiment Light source : illuminant F7 Sample size : 3 inches square Observer : 1964 10˚ observer Spectrophotometer : Largest aperture

It’s very difficult to have perfect correlation with visual estimates. Results Pass Fail 80% Optimized CIE94 It’s very difficult to have perfect correlation with visual estimates.

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

The indices of metamerism are used. The illuminant metamerism – Samples The observer metamerism – Samples, Colored light The mismatch occurs due to a change in illumination. The mismatch occurs due to a change in observer. The indices of metamerism are used.

Metamerism Indices The metamerism index - metameric pair under a test condition The weighted metameric index Minimizing illuminant metamerism simultaneously minimizes observer metamerism.

Outline Introduction Metamerism Indices Conclusions - Color-difference research Weighted Color-Difference Equations - Prior Equation - JPC 79 Equation - CMC (l:c) equation - BFD Equation - CIE94 Color Tolerance Experiment Metamerism Indices Conclusions

Conclusions Either a uniform color-difference space or weighted color-difference equation can improve correlation. A uniform color-difference space is always a better solution. CIE forms a committee to establish more uniform color space for Industrial Color-Difference Evaluation.

Thank You for Your Kind Attention! 20