Bell Ringer How many different types of bones do we have in our body? What are the two main types of skeletons? What type of skeleton do we have? What type of skeleton do lobsters have? What can bones tell us about a victim? How many functions does our skeleton have?

Skeleton and Anatomy of a Long Bone By: Mr. Schlamb At request of students

Overview The skeletal system consists of not only the bones but also the cartilage and ligaments that occur at the joints There are 5 functions of the skeleton

5 Functions 1.The skeleton– notably, the large, heavy bones of the legs– support the body and its organs against the pull of gravity 2.The skeleton protects soft body parts. For example the skull forms a protective encasement for the brain 3.Certain bones, such as those of the skull, ribs, and sternum (breastbone), produce blood cells in both adults and children

5 Functions 4.Bones are storage areas for mineral salts, notably calcium salts 5.Bones, especially those of the legs and arms, provide sites for muscle attachment and permit flexible body movement

Anatomy of a Long Bone Bones vary considerably in size and shape A long bone like the ones in the arms and legs can be used to demonstrate common properties of bones All bones are enclosed in a periosteum and continues with the ligaments and tendons that anchor our bones

Periosteum It is a tough, fibrous, connective tissue It also contains blood vessels that enter the bone and service its cells

Ends of a Long Bone At both ends of a long bone is an expanded portion called an epiphysis The portion between the epiphyses is called the diaphysis

Open/Split Bone It has a medullary cavity that contains yellow bone marrow Yellow bone marrow contains large amounts of fat

Open/Split Bone The medullary cavity is bonded at the sides by compact bone The epiphyses contain spongy bone Beyond the spongy bone is a thin shell of compact bone After that is a layer of cartilage called articular cartilage

Articular Cartilage/ Articulation Articular cartilage is given its name because this where bone meets another bone Articulation is the joining together of two bones at a joint Articulate means to meet

Compact Bone Compact bone– dense bone Osteocytes– bone cells Osteoblasts– make bone Osteoclasts– break (down) bone