UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION

TODAY’S TASK Pre-test Taxonomic classification Begin making foldable

WHAT IS TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION? A filing system for all of life

UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION

SPECIES Group of organisms that resemble closely in structure and function Most specific classification unit Like species breed with like species Written in italics and is lower case EXAMPLE:

GENUS Written in italics and capitalized Less specific than species EXAMPLE:

FAMILY More specific than order and less specific than genus EXAMPLE:

ORDER More specific than class and less specific than family EXAMPLE:

CLASS More specific than phylum and less specific than order EXAMPLE:

PHYLUM More specific than Kingdom and less specific than class Animal kingdom contains about 35 phyla Plant kingdom contains about 12 phyla (or divisions) EXAMPLE:

KINGDOM Protista (the single-celled eukaryotes) Fungi (fungus and related organisms) Plantae (the plants) Animalia (the animals) Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria) Eubacteria (true bacteria)

DOMAIN Eukarya Fungi, animals, plants, protists Bacteria Prokaryotic organisms (single-cells) Archea Survive in extreme environments

CARL LINNEAUS Botanist Physician Zoologist Creator of the classification system for life in 1753

YOUR TASK 1.Log onto class website and YOU will fill in examples 2.Include name and characteristics for each example (“Anamalia Kingdom- multicellular, eukaryotic”) 3.When completed get signed off by Ms. Lykens 4.Print any pictures you would like included in your foldable and/or draw any

UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE  Scientific naming  2 ways to write: Homo sapien H. sapien Genus species Genus species

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF CLASSIFICATION? -A way to name a new species WHAT ARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS WE USE TO CLASSIFY ORGANISMS? -Backbone

HOW DO WE KNOW IF IT IS A NEW SPECIES? Use a dichotomous key to identify the organism Dichotomous key: A key for the identification of organisms based on common characteristics

LegsNo legs Wings No wingsMany cells One cell Swim freely in water Cannot swim freely in water Bird Dog Makes its own food Doesn’t make its own food Tree Herb Lives in ocean Lives on land Pine tree Dandelion Fish Snake

YOUR TASK TODAY 1. Looking at the group of organisms on your lab station, make a system to categorize 2.Start with two categories and then go from there 3.Write down every category as you go

LEARNING OBJECTIVE Today I will model a dichotomous key. ASSESSMENT QUESTION What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?

DICHOTOMOUS KEY ACTIVITY

DICHOTOMOUS KEY PROJECT TIMELINE Wednesday Come up with 10 species and make a picture key/start key Thursday Finish dichotomous key Friday Finalize key and make answer sheet (create your own genus and species names)/ turn-in assignment

UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION

EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION Two ways to classify relationships among organisms: Cladogram Phylogenetic tree

CLADOGRAM Used by “cladists” Shows how organisms have acquired traits overtime Points show when various species diverged

CLADOGRAM QUESTIONS A. Which organism shown on this cladogram is the oldest? B. Which organism has the most closely related DNA sequence to a rayfinned fish? C. Circle the most recent common ancestor to a snake and a bird. D. Who is more closely related molecularly: a snake and turtle or snake and bird?

CLADOGRAM QUESTIONS A. Which organism shown on this cladogram is the most recent? B. Which organism has the most closely related DNA sequence to a salamander? C. Circle the most recent common ancestor to a turtle and a mammal. D. Who is more closely related molecularly: a lungfish and frog or bird and crocodile?

CLADOGRAM WORKSHEET (10 POINTS)  Read carefully  If you do not know the answer… Look it up!