TOPIC: Regulation 4/4/16 AIM: How is the nervous system divided? DO NOW: Reading comp (on my desk)

Divisions of the Nervous System ISA Directions: Read the passage below and use textual evidence to answer question 1 – 7. Write your answers on the loose- leaf below. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. This is the body's command center. Every action you take is determined by your brain and carried through the spinal cord to your peripheral nerves. The brain keeps the body in order, controls all body systems and organs, and keeps the body working. The cerebrum allows us to have thoughts, emotions, memories, and imagination. It controls voluntary movement. The cerebrum is also responsible for our sight, smell, taste, touch, and sound senses. If you think something tastes sour, it is because receptors in the cerebrum interpreted the taste and determined it was sour. The cerebellum is responsible balance and coordination. The medulla oblongata controls our involuntary actions. The spinal cord is how the brain communicates with the body. It relays information to the brain, and back to the nerves. Nerves divide many times from the spinal cord to reach all parts of the body. The thickest nerve is one inch thick, while the thinnest is thinner than a human hair. Each nerve is a bundle of hundreds or thousands or neurons. The spinal cord is protected by the spinal vertebrae. The peripheral nervous system is made up of the nerve fibers that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body. It consists of nerve fibers that send sensory information from the receptors to the central nervous system AND nerve fibers that send impulses from the central nervous system to effectors to carry out a response. 1.Identify the organs that make up the central nervous system. Brain and spinal cord 2. Identify the part of the brain that controls memories and voluntary movements. cerebrum 3. Identify the part of the brain interprets impulses from your receptors (controls the senses). cerebrum 4. Identify the part of the brain that is responsible for balance and coordination. cerebellum

The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. This is the body's command center. Every action you take is determined by your brain and carried through the spinal cord to your peripheral nerves. The brain keeps the body in order, controls all body systems and organs, and keeps the body working. The cerebrum allows us to have thoughts, emotions, memories, and imagination. It controls voluntary movement. The cerebrum is also responsible for our sight, smell, taste, touch, and sound senses. If you think something tastes sour, it is because receptors in the cerebrum interpreted the taste and determined it was sour. The cerebellum is responsible balance and coordination. The medulla oblongata controls our involuntary actions. The spinal cord is how the brain communicates with the body. It relays information to the brain, and back to the nerves. Nerves divide many times from the spinal cord to reach all parts of the body. The thickest nerve is one inch thick, while the thinnest is thinner than a human hair. Each nerve is a bundle of hundreds or thousands or neurons. The spinal cord is protected by the spinal vertebrae. The peripheral nervous system is made up of the nerve fibers that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body. It consists of nerve fibers that send sensory information from the receptors to the central nervous system AND nerve fibers that send impulses from the central nervous system to effectors to carry out a response. 5. Identify the part of the brain controls involuntary activities such as the beating of the heart and digestion. medulla 6. Identify the structure that relays information between the brain & the rest of the body. Spinal cord 7. Identify the structures that protect the spinal cord. vertebrae 8. Explain the structure of the peripheral nervous system. It is made up the nerve fibers that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord. It is made of sensory and motor neurons.

Brain Spinal cord Central NS Peripheral NS

cerebrum Spinal cord cerebellum medulla

TOPIC: Regulation 4/6/16 AIM: How do impulses travel throughout the body?

Receptor Sensory neurons Motor neurons (Interneuron) CENTRAL NS PERIPHERAL NS

(Interneuron) A reflex is a fast automatic response to a stimulus without involving the brain. As a result, the response occurs at a much faster rate. Rapidly blinking the eyes in response to dust or dirt in the air is one example; coughing when food is lodged in the windpipe and kicking the leg out when whacked in the center of the knee are others. Reflex arcs are wholly independent of the pathways that most nervous impulses travel on. Reflexes ISA Directions: The diagram below represents a reflex arc (the movement of an impulse during a reflex). Use textual evidence from the diagram and the reading to answer questions What kind of response is a reflex? Fast, automatic response to a stimulus without involving the brain. 2. Identify the structures and neurons involved in a reflex. Receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron, effector 3. Why does the impulse NOT travel to the brain during a reflex? It does not travel to the brain so that the impulse does not have to travel far and can provide a quick response. 4. Which divisions of the nervous system are involved in a reflex? Central and peripheral

REFLEX ARC Path of an impulse

Receptor Interneuron Effector RSIMERSIME Sensory neuron Motor neuron

STIMULUS Receptor Sensory neuron Interneuron (brain & SC) Motor neuron F Effector RESPONSE

Receptor Sensory Neuron Inter- Neuron Motor Neuron Effector

REFLEX Involuntary, automatic response Controlled by spinal cord