Outcomes for the ESA 6 Regional In-Service “What Works in Schools” Gain an understanding of … Dr. Marzano’s, “What Works in Schools.” the eleven factors that make schools highly effective. the research-based strategies that impact teaching and learning.

Robert Marzano And Colleagues What Work in Schools: Translating Research into Action Classroom Instruction That Works: Research-based Strategies for Increasing Student Achievement Building Background Knowledge for Academic Achievement: Research on What Works in Schools Building Academic Vocabulary Classroom Management That Works: Research-based Strategies for Every Teacher School Leadership that Works: Research to Results

Earned his B.A. degree in English at Iona College M.Ed. degree in Reading and Language Arts at Seattle University Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction at the University of Washington

35 years in education worked in every U.S. state and a host of countries in Europe and Asia theme of work: translating research and theory into practical programs and tools for K-12 teachers and administrators Dr. Robert Marzano

Senior scholar at Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL)Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) Associate professor at Cardinal Stritch University Cardinal Stritch UniversityCardinal Stritch University Vice-president of Pathfinder Education Pathfinder EducationPathfinder Education President of Marzano & Associates

We're no longer debating whether scientifically-based research and scientifically-based evidence is important to is important to school improvement school improvement and classroom practices.

The phrase “scientifically- based research” is in NCLB one hundred and eleven times.

SCIENTIFICALLY BASED RESEARCH The term scientifically based research… means research that involves the application of rigorous, systematic, and objective procedures to obtain reliable and valid knowledge relevant to education activities and programs; and (B) includes research that — (i) employs systematic, empirical methods that draw on observation or experiment; (ii) involves rigorous data analyses that are adequate to test the stated hypotheses and justify the general conclusions drawn; (iii) relies on measurements or observational methods that provide reliable and valid data across evaluators and observers, across multiple measurements and observations, and across studies by the same or different investigators; (iv) is evaluated using experimental or quasi-experimental designs in which individuals, entities, programs, or activities are assigned to different conditions and with appropriate controls to evaluate the effects of the condition of interest, with a preference for random-assignment experiments, or other designs to the extent that those designs contain within-condition or across-condition controls; (v) ensures that experimental studies are presented in sufficient detail and clarity to allow for replication or, at a minimum, offer the opportunity to build systematically on their findings; and (vi) has been accepted by a peer-reviewed journal or approved by a panel of independent experts through a comparably rigorous, objective, and scientific review.

Dr. Marzano’s Meta-Analysis… has helped educators by identifying “research-based” factors that impact teaching and learning. has developed texts for use by educators.

Definition of terms Just what does the term “meta-analysis” mean? What is the advantage of a meta-analysis?

A Meta-Analysis…. combines the results of several studies that address a set of related research hypotheses. is a research technique for quantitatively synthesizing a set of studies to estimate the average or expected impact of an independent variable on a dependent variable.

Systematic reviews (meta-analyses) are considered advantageous because… explicit methods limit bias in identifying and rejecting studies. conclusions are more reliable and accurate because of methods used. large amounts of information can be assimilated quickly results of different studies can be formally compared to establish general feasibility of findings and consistency of results. reasons for inconsistency in results across studies can be identified and new hypotheses generated particular subgroups. quantitative systematic reviews (meta-analyses) increase the precision of the overall result. Source: Dr.Uma Krishnaswamy MS, FRCS Ed, FAIS, MA

Dr. Marzano’s position based on the meta-analysis The thirty-five years of research provides remarkably clear guidance as to steps schools can take to be highly effective. Schools can have a tremendous impact on student achievement if they follow the direction provided by the research.

Marzano’s synthesis of the research identified 11 factors and 68 related items that have the greatest effect on student achievement at the school, teacher, and student level.

What Works in Schools identifies 11 research- based factors at the school, teacher and student level. They are…

1. Guaranteed and viable curriculum 2. Challenging goals and effective feedback 3. Parent and community involvement 4. Safe and orderly environment 5. Collegiality and professionalism School Level

Teacher Level 6. Instructional strategies 7. Classroom management 8. Classroom curriculum design

Student Level 9. Home environment 9. Home environment 10. Learned intelligence and background knowledge and background knowledge 11. Motivation

The following “What Works” texts are being discussed during the in- service today: As a result of the research, Dr. Marzano and colleagues produced additional texts.

At the end of the afternoon, you will be challenged to… continue to study the “What Works in Schools” texts. become familiar with the factors that make a school highly effective. pledge to apply one or more of the strategies in your school and/or classroom.