Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans: EU Framework Viara Bojkova Senior Research Fellow December 2014 London

2030 – a strategic vision for a European City living environment with slow & little traffic living environment fast & much traffic Number of friends Share of trips to visit friends Social contacts of parents

2020 EU Economic Strategy The Strategy highlighted the importance of a modernised and sustainable European Transport system for the future development of the Union; SUMPs consider the functional urban area and propose that action on urban mobility is embedded into a wider urban and territorial strategy; SUMPs should be developed in cooperation across different policy areas and sectors

SUMP is not a completely new approach but rather builds on existing planning activities. Benefits for the cities: Better quality of life in cities; Environmental and health benefits; Innovative image of a city – 500 cities are expected to certify their SUMP; Citizen- and stakeholder supported decisions; Integration potential; Improving a city’s competitiveness; Access to funding – SUMPs can help planners access certain funding pools available for innovative solutions

Benefits for the Local Authorities in the UK Developing the sustainable mobility concept as a basis for future EU-funded projects and cross-border partnerships; Benchmarking with other municipalities in Europe in terms of planning, optimising budgets, delivering services; Access to EU Best Practice Cases; Networking with similar Local Authorities and developing collaborations.

Principles of sustainable transportation in a European city Walking: make walking trips more direct and interesting by connecting the blocks; Powered by people: Create environments for cyclists; Get on the bus/tram: Provide cost-effective public transport; Cruise control: Provide access for clean passenger vehicles at safe speeds and in significantly reduced numbers; Green logistics: Service the city in the cleanest and safest manner; Mix it up: Mix people and activities; Get real: Preserve and enhance the local, natural, cultural, social and historical assets; Make it last: Build for the long-term. Sustainable cities bridge generations. SUMPs

Two Examples from the Urban Practice Guide  Hamburg HafenCity – presents the ideal conditions for a start-up concept of sustainable mobility  The Hague’s policy on walking – encourages walking as a sustainable transport mode  The Cases serve as an inspiration to move towards more sustainable urban mobility  Most important in these cases was not whether the project was of great success, but what “lessons learned” could be shared with practitioners from all over Europe SUMPs

Case of a sustainable mobility start-up – Hamburg, Germany HafenCity is a newly developed “downtown area” expanding the city core of Hamburg by 40%. It is located in the former harbour area with its basins and canals at the river Elbe. It is conceived as fine grained mixture of uses (residential, offices, retail, cultural, education, university) providing a home for 12,000 people, jobs for 45,000 and a hundred thousand of visitors per day; Around 28 ha of public parks and squares; Private investment – around €8.5 billion; Public investment – about €2.5 billion; The HafenCity is developing new infrastructure, a new flood control system, new buildings. Historically, the modal share of car use in Hamburg is greater than in other major German cities Some facts: 44% of Hamburg workers go by private car to their work; Commuters included, this is even 49%; For comparison: City of Berlin + Munich 27%; City of Copenhagen has set the goal that in % commute by bike; SUMPs

Infrastructural measures taken in HafenCity to influence the modal split of public transport, cycling, walking compared to private car use: A network of walkways along streets, between buildings and at the waterfront in a mixed used environment; An attractive system of cycling; A network of rental locations for city bikes; A high quality public transport system into HafenCity; An energy efficient bus route system; Parking spaces below buildings as part of the system for flood protection raising the level of HafenCity to 8m above sea level; Developing a system for electrical charging stations in private and public parking areas Research questions: How can people in a newly developed environment be influenced to make use of “low energy” mobility? What prohibits people from using the system at present or possibly in the long run?

Case of The Hague’s walking policy, The Netherlands % of journeys within The Hague are made by foot, for journeys less than 1km, this is even 65%. The City aspires to further encourage walking as a sustainable transport mode. Some examples: Since 2010, the city centre is closed for transit traffic; Traffic calming and continued development of 30km/h zones in residential zones help to create more safety for pedestrians in their neighbourhoods; The vicinity of attractive green areas adds greatly to people’s quality of life;

Case of The Hague’s walking policy The Hague’s policy on walking – walkability is one of the priorities of the Local Transport Plan of the city. Policy focuses on four main subjects within walking: Safety for pedestrians in residential areas; Improved accessibility for pedestrians to nodes of public transport; Priority to pedestrians in the central parts of the city; Accessible and available green areas. Research questions: How can a municipality make better use of ‘software’ or measures to change its citizens mobility behaviour? How can these measures be monitored? Is urban area elsewhere transferrable? What are the effects of these measures on the long term?

“Lessons learned” The Case of Hamburg – do not prioritise sustainable mobility in terms of the experimental, technical solutions but look for the long-term structural ones that allow different technical solutions within the urban system for many decades; The Case of The Hague – do not have different policies conflict with each other, try to integrate them; do not let cyclists and pedestrians share the same space in crowded areas: conflicts will arise and it will become less attractive to walk in those areas.

Funding and Collaborative Opportunities I.CiViTAS Forum – currently there are 224 member cities in the CiViTAS Forum Network that have signed the CIVITAS Declaration. Participating cities have to prove their political and technical commitments to introduce ambitious, integrated urban transport strategies. This means that the city plans to: achieve a significant change in the modal split, in favour of sustainable transportation modes; follow an integrated approach, by addressing as many of the categories of CIVITAS instruments and measures as possible in its policy. For more information:

Funding and Collaborative Opportunities II.Covenant of Mayors The EU Climate Action and Energy Package, which commits Member States to curb their CO2 emissions by at least 20% by Signatories of the Covenant of Mayors contribute to these policy objectives through a formal commitment to go beyond this target through the implementation of a Sustainable Energy Action Plan. For more information: Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) co-finances projects that contribute to the success of the Covenant of Mayors

The Way Forward  The Global Policy Institute plans to hold a half-day conference in February 2015, discussing the topic of “New Sources of European Funding for Local Authorities”;  The event will be free of charge and will take place at the London Guildhall Faculty of Business & Law, 84 Moorgate in the City;  It will present and discuss successful approaches for developing and implementing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans and outline the opportunities that exist to obtain related funding from the European Commission.

The Way Forward  The Global Policy Institute and the Guildhall Faculty of Business & Law will be running short executive courses from April 2015 onwards on a range of topics related to Sustainable Urban Mobility;  The courses aim to reach Local Authority Executives; Energy Agency Executives; Transport and Management Consultants; Technical Advisors, Local politicians and other stakeholders;  The training will be based on best-practice presentations with individual work on case studies;  The course titles are as follows:

Courses  Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans – Introduction  Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans – Auditing and Soft Measures  Securing EU Financing – Opportunities and Pitfalls  Project Management of EU-funded projects

Conclusions  2030-vision for a European City  Reflection of achievements and lessons learnt  Ready to get started developing SUMPs

SUMPs Presentation The Global Policy Institute Viara Bojkova London December 2014