1 BY CHANDRA S. AMARAVADI OVERVIEW OF IS

2 DEFINITION OF IS A collection of computer systems to support information processing in organizations. A set of interrelated components working together to collect, processs, store and disseminate information to support decision making, co-ordination, control, analysis and visualization.

3 EVOLUTION/TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS Transaction processing Reporting systems Database management systems Decision support Office information systems AI based systems Executive information systems Strategic information systems Enterprise information systems E-Commerce systems Knowledge Management systems 1950’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s

4 THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

5 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS Transaction processing systems: process business transactions Reporting systems: summarize transaction information Database management systems: systems to manage information Decision support systems: support analysis of data to aid in d.m. Executive information systems: systems to support executive d.m. Office information systems: provide support to office workers AI & expert systems: use artificial intelligence to duplicate human activity (in organizations). Strategic systems:systems which support the strategy of the organization and improve competitive advantage. Enterprise information systems: systems which support all functional areas, from marketing to production. E-commerce systems: systems for browsing, ordering, payment etc. KM Systems: support organizational knowledge.

6 u Transaction Processing Systems (TP Systems) u Enterprise Systems (ERP/MRP) u E-commerce systems u Decision Support Systems (DSS/MSS) u Executive Support Systems (ESS/EIS) u KM systems (not discussed) MAJOR TYPES OF IS

7 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS DATA WORKERS KIND OF SYSTEM GROUPS SERVED STRATEGIC LEVEL SENIOR MANAGERS MANAGEMENT LEVEL MIDDLE MANAGERS OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL LEVEL MANAGERS KNOWLEDGE LEVEL KNOWLEDGE & SALES & MANUFACTURING FINANCE ACCOUNTING HUMAN RESOURCESMARKETING

8 TP, ERP & OIS SYSTEMS

9 Process business transactions customers, suppliers, government Volumes are large Transactions are routine Most common IS systems TP SYSTEMS

10 Payroll Order processing Accounts payable General ledger Asset management Invoicing Parts ordering TYPICAL TP APPLICATIONS

Integrated systems for the organization finance, accounting, HR etc. Also known as MRP Expensive and time consuming E.g. SAP, BAAN, JD Edwards ERP SYSTEMS

E-commerce systems Systems that support the buying and selling of products. Systems that allow business transactions to take place using the Internet. Often are used to support virtual storefronts. Supports the gathering of demographic and sales information.

13 OFFICE INFORMATION SYSTEMS Systems supporting office workers. EXAMPLES:  Business software e.g. MS Word, MS Project  Workflow  Imaging  Custom applications e.g. resume screening

14 MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS

15 MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS (MSS)  Reporting systems?  Decision support systems (DSS)  Executive support systems (ESS)  Group decision support systems (GDSS) Management Support Systems

16  Aimed at management  Support for structured/semi-structured decisions  e.g. Capacity planning, vehicle routing, portfolio etc.  Model based  Generally PC Based  Customizable interfaces DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS

17  A.K.A ESS, Executive support systems  Systems for executives  Summarized information on firm  Tend to be PC & workstation based  Access to on-line databases  “drill down,” status monitoring  Some types provide capability for “soft models”  Executive “dashboard” EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (EIS/ESS)

18  Support the Dissemination of information throughout the organization.  Used as a tool to support knowledge mapping.  Are connected to a company’s existing information system.  Enhance knowledge sharing and creation.  Include people, processes, and technology.  Current systems can utilize modern technologies such as blogs and wikis to aid in the transfer of knowledge from one individual to another. KM Systems

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