AP Psychology Ms. Bors Chapter 3

Work on the bell work once we get to the computer lab. Pass up: Nothing

Work on your Sense Projects HW/ Coming up: Read pages AND by Monday of next week! Senses Presentations Group Project due Monday of next week! Study Guide/Flashcards for your next unit due Wednesday, November 18 th ! Keep up with your flashcards (do about 3-4 a day) Sensation and Perception Test- Wednesday, November 18 th ! Goal(s): Be able to explain to other students information about different senses. Candy Friday! Will your class qualify? Teacher Assistants for this Week on the Board Test Makeups/Corrections- before (7:05 am) and after school (2:30 pm-3:30 pm) (except after school on Friday) this week.

Need to be ed to by the beginning of class Monday! Recommended- me in advance so that I print out your handout instead of you having to make about 30 copies!

8 th period- place chairs on top of desks please! What did you learn today about senses that you didn’t know before? Write your name and ALWAYS explain your answer.

Work on the bell work once we get to the computer lab. Pass up: Nothing

Work on your Sense Projects HW/ Coming up: Read pages AND by Monday! Senses Presentations Group Project due Monday! Study Guide/Flashcards for your next unit due Wednesday, November 18 th ! Keep up with your flashcards (do about 3-4 a day) Sensation and Perception Test- Wednesday, November 18 th ! Goal(s): Be able to explain to other students information about different senses. Test Makeups/Corrections- before (7:05 am) and after school (2:30 pm-3:30 pm) (except after school on Friday) this week.

Need to be ed to by the beginning of class Monday! Recommended- me in advance so that I print out your handout instead of you having to make about 30 copies!

8 th period- place chairs on top of desks please! What did you learn today about senses that you didn’t know before? Write your name and ALWAYS explain your answer.

Work quietly and individually on the bell work, from the time the bell rings until the timer on here stops. Pass up: Nothing

Sensation and Perception Introduction Notes Signal Detection Theory Handout HW/ Coming up: Signal Detection Theory Handout due tomorrow! Read pages AND by Monday! Senses Presentations Group Project due Monday! Study Guide/Flashcards for your next unit due Wednesday, November 18 th ! Keep up with your flashcards (do about 3-4 a day) Sensation and Perception Test- Wednesday, November 18 th ! Goal(s): Be able to explain all the different terms/concepts assigned for this unit. Test Makeups/Corrections- before (7:05 am) and after school (2:30 pm-3:30 pm) (except after school on Friday) this week.

SENSATION & PERCEPTION

Are you influenced by advertisements - TV, radio, print, billboard, internet?

Sensation Process by which our sensory receptors & nervous system receive stimulus from the environment - Essentially, the stimulation on the sense organs

Perception Process of organizing & interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects & events. ★ Selection ★ Organization ★ Interpretation of sensory input

Sensation & Perception Processes

Sensory receptor- a sensory nerve ending that receives information and conducts a process of generating nerve impulses to be transmitted to the brain for interpretation and perception

What if we could sense everything? Life would hurt. So we can only take in a window of what is out there. This is the study of psychophysics: relationship between physical stimuli and our psychological experiences to them. Fechner - coined the term; making connections between matter & mind; public & private Wundt - structuralism Weber - signal detection theory

Bottom-Up Processing Analysis that begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information. You begin by examining small details and piece them together into a larger picture. Processing Sensation Sensory detection (incoming sensory information) to… …Sensory receptors to… …Neural signals

Top-Down Processing Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience, expectations, and contextual info. Processing Perception Expectations –Experiences –Memories –Schemas -Anticipation

Sax? Or ‘saxy’ lady? Which line is longer? Really?

Prosopagnosia- an inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to the brain Aka- face blindness

Absolute Threshold For a specific type of sensory input, it is the minimum stimulus intensity that an organism can detect. Absolute thresholds are anything but absolute. When stimulus intensity increases, so does the subjects’ probability of responding to stimuli gradually increases. *The minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time.*

We have a very sensitive absolute threshold for vision: Only 3 photons on single receptor across a moment of time will trigger a detection. Our other modalities are sensitive, though chemically we have nothing over sharks: Sharks can detect a single drop of blood in thousands of gallons of water.

Difference Threshold Minimum difference that a person can detect between 2 stimuli required for detection 50% of the time. Which means… detecting a change in stimulus that can already be detected

JND - Just Noticeable Difference -- smallest difference in stimulus intensity that a specific sense can detect. How much stimulus change is necessary for detection?

To perceive a difference between 2 stimuli, they must differ by a constant percentage; not a constant amount. Example: Weber found that the JND between 2 weights was approximately proportional to the mass of the weights. Thus, if 105g can be distinguished from 100g, the JND is 5g. If the mass is doubled, the differential threshold also doubles to 10g, so that 210g can be distinguished from 200g.

Weber’s law: Difference thresholds grow with the magnitude of the stimulus, because the difference is a percentage of the magnitude of the stimulus, not a constant amount.

If you make $5 an hour a 25 cent hour raise will be noticeable. But at $10 an hour you may need 50 cents to really realize a difference. In car sales, after the sale customer won’t really notice $500 stereo. After drinking tea with lemon, a grapefruit will not taste as sour… but after a roll, it will taste especially sour. After holding salty water in mouth, it will taste less salty, and drinking fresh water afterwards, it will taste sweet.

A psychophysical theory that predicts how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise). Assumes that there is no single absolute threshold. Ability to detect stimulus depends on: Motivation, fatigue, expectations Our minds prepare us to see or hear certain stimuli over others Stimulus is Present Stimulus is Absent Response: “Present” HitFalse Alarm Response: “Absent” MissCorrect Rejection

Work on the handout given to you with a bell work partner. Answer it on the handout itself. You can use front and back.

8 th period- place chairs on top of desks please! What are some differences between sensation and perception? Explain. Write your name and ALWAYS explain your answer.

No bell work today! Pass up: Signal Detection Theory Handout

Senses Project- continue working on it! HW/ Coming up: Read pages AND by Monday! Study Guide/Flashcards for your next unit due Wednesday, November 18 th ! Keep up with your flashcards (do about 3-4 a day) Sensation and Perception Test- Wednesday, November 18 th ! Goal(s): Be able to explain to other students information about different senses. Test Makeups/Corrections- before (7:05 am) and after school (2:30 pm-3:30 pm) (except after school on Friday) this week.

8 th period- place chairs on top of desks please! What do you consider to be most important about your assigned sense? Explain. Write your name and ALWAYS explain your answer.

Place raffle tickets into the box! Work on the bell work once we get to the computer lab. Pass up: Bell Works from this Week

Senses Project- Work on it- last day! HW/ Coming up: Read pages AND by Monday! Senses Presentations Group Project due Monday! Study Guide/Flashcards for your next unit due Wednesday, November 18 th ! Keep up with your flashcards (do about 3-4 a day) Sensation and Perception Test- Wednesday, November 18 th ! Goal(s): Be able to explain to other students information about different senses. Candy Friday ! Does your class qualify?

Let’s draw!

8 th period- place chairs on top of desks please! What was the most fascinating thing you learned about your assigned sense while working on this project? Explain. Write your name and ALWAYS explain your answer.