In this section we are going to look at radical changes in the Sciences and The Arts in the early part of the 20 th Century

She discovered an element called radium. Radium gave off energy, or radiation, that apparently came from within the atom itself. Atoms turned out to be not solid bodies of matter but small, active worlds. She died in 1934 from too much exposure to radiation.

E = MC² Einstein in 1905, when he discovered The secret of the universe. Shown in his mid-20s, Einstein sports a tailor-made plaid suit while seated at his Bern, Switzerland, patent office post. (Lucien Chavan / Magnes Press)

Shown during one of his visits to Pasadena, Einstein writes and discusses an equation for the density of the Milky Way at the Carnegie Institution on Jan. 14, (Magnes Press)

Portrait of Einstein snapped on his 72nd birthday, March 14, After a day of public appearances and reluctant to smile yet again, Einstein strikes a unique visage for a UPI photographer. Pictures are from the book, “Albert Einstein: The Persistent Illusion of Transience”(Arthur Sasse / Magnes Press)

He published The Interpretation of Dreams in Behavior is strongly determined by past experiences When painful things happen, they are often repressed. Patients retraced repressed thoughts back to their childhood This is called Psychoanalysis

Social Darwinism is a major example of extreme nationalism. Social Darwinism was a theory used to justify the dominance of Western nations in the late nineteenth century. It was the “survival of the fittest,” in competition for world resources, and Imperialism was a natural scientific outcome.

A false idea based on misunderstanding of ancient Indian texts. The Aryans were rulers in ancient India and the translator assumed they were white people. This led to the Belief that white people (“Aryans”) should rule the world.

Alfred Dreyfus Falsely accused of selling army secrets to Germany & sent to Devil’s Island. Evidence soon emerged - Dreyfus had been framed by anti-Semitic officers. The issue was debated for more than a decade. Dreyfus’ name was finally cleared and he was released. Points out Anti-Semitism in France

Germany: Even fairy tales were anti-Semitic! Russia: Pogroms caused many Jews to leave and immigrate to the US. Beginning of the Zionist movement. Many Jews were forced to leave their homeland.

Female Impressionist Artist

Best known – Idea was to capture movement of light

The Gare Saint-Lazare: Arrival of a Train by Claude Monet, This painting illustrates Monet’s fascination with Light as it is reflected and absorbed by the sky, clouds, windows, and trains.

One of the most famous Impressionist painters. Shown is “Dance at the Moulin De la Galette,” a fine example of his work.

Use of color and structure to express a mood. What mood is the artist showing here?

Starry Night, by Vincent Van Gogh Van Gogh is well known for going mad, but he used new colors and textures in his works of art that had never been seen before. A creative genius!

George Eastman created the first Kodak camera in George Eastman didn’t invent Photography but he made it accessible to the masses. The innovation is shown at left: the Kodak Brownie camera.

Picasso's "Portrait of Ambroise Vollard" With Cubism Picasso used geometric shapes to express the idea of a subject. Despite the distortion the human mind still sees a human form here!

Braque was a contemporary of Picasso and is also considered to be an innovator in modern art!

“Composition VII” created by Kandinsky in 1913 Kandinsky took the arts a step further than even Picasso or Braque with Abstract Painting. Note the lines are blurred but the composition is exquisite!

Taliesen was a school for architects created by Wright.

Frank Lloyd Wright’s “Fallingwater” is arguably his most famous work.

A scene from Stravinsky’s “Rite of Spring.” When the ballet opened in Paris in 1913 it created a riot!

Both composers used impressionism in their works, which conveyed a variety of moods.