Classify this Tune! Rock Classical Country Rap R&B/ Pop

 Metal  Classic  Christian  Punk  Grunge  Indie  Hard  New Wave  Post  Screamo  2 tone Time: 21 st century 1990s 1980s 1970s 1960s etc Lyrics Instruments Rhythm Country Alternative Country Americana Bluegrass Contemporary Bluegrass Contemporary Country Country Gospel Honky Tonk Outlaw Country Traditional Bluegrass Traditional Country Urban Cowboy Dance Breakbeat Dubstep Exercise Garage Hardcore House Jungle/Drum'n'bass Techno Trance Disney Easy Listening Bop Lounge Swing Alternative College Rock Goth Rock Grunge Indie Rock New Wave Punk Blues Acoustic Blues Chicago Blues Classic Blues Contemporary Blues Country Blues Delta Blues Electric Blues Children's Music Lullabies Sing-Along Stories Classical Avant-Garde Baroque Chamber Music Chant Choral Classical Crossover Early Music High Classical Impressionist Medieval Minimalism Modern Composition Opera Orchestral Renaissance Romantic Wedding Music

Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms Taxonomy is described sometimes as a science and sometimes as an art, but really it’s a battleground.” ~Bill Bryson Why is having a classification system important?

History of Taxonomy  Aristotle: 2,000 years ago grouped all living things into two groups  Plants and Animals 1700’s Polynomials: biologists added descriptive phrases to the genus name of the species. Biologists created different names for each species. Apis pubescens, thorace subgriseo, Abdomine fusco, pedibus posticis Glabis, untrinque margine ciliatus

History of Taxonomy  1750’s Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus created a simple system for naming organisms  Binomial nomenclature: two-word Latin naming system for each species  Universally adopted, most species Linnaeus named still have the same two-part name Apis mellifera

Scientific Names  Latin  2 part name  Binomial nomenclature  First name  Genus: taxonomic category containing similar species  Second name  Species Carcharodon carcharias

Guidelines: Scientific names  First letter of first name is capitalized  Can abbreviate using first letter of genus name  Underlined or italicized  Second word of name is lowercase  Underlined or italicized  Every organism has its own unique name

Importance of Scientific Names  Gives biologists a common way of communicating, regardless of their native language  Common Names  Are fine, but scientists need a more exact method  Some common names consists of many species European robin Erithacus rubicula American robin Turdus migratorius Skunk Pole cat

Classification Order Class Species Genus Family Order Kingdom Phylum Domain

Classification Order  Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species Dashing King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti

Classification Groups  Domain: Contains Kingdoms  Archaea  Bacteria  Eukarya  Kingdom: Contains Phylum

Human’s Classification  Domain: Eukarya  Kingdom: Animalia  Phylum: Chordata  Class: Mammalia  Order: Primates  Family: Hominidae  Genus: Homo  Species: sapiens

Dichotomous Key  a tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world, such as trees, wildflowers, mammals, reptiles, rocks, and fish. Keys consist of a series of choices that lead the user to the correct name of a given item. "Dichotomous" means "divided into two parts". Therefore, dichotomous keys always give two choices in each step.

Basis for Classification  Structural similarities  Chemical Composition  Genetics

What is a Species?  Biological species  Group of interbreeding, or possibly interbreeding, natural populations  Must produce fertile offspring  Hybrids can result if 2 populations are genetically similar (fertile)  Example:  Wolf and dog = hybrid  Wheat and rye = triticale

Hybrids  Horse and donkey  Hybrid = mule  Sterile  New species  New species are being discovered everyday!