Just Transition, opportunities and challenges ILC 2013 Conclusions Laura Martín Murillo

2 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Creating decent jobs + environmental sustainability: most important challenges for humanity. Deficit of current economies. Creating decent jobs + environmental sustainability: most important challenges for humanity. Deficit of current economies. Report focused on 8 sectors: agriculture, forestry, fishing, energy, manufacturing, waste and recicling, building and transport. Report focused on 8 sectors: agriculture, forestry, fishing, energy, manufacturing, waste and recicling, building and transport. Transition towards environmental sustainability / greening of the economies: opportunity for economic growth, employment creation, and for reducing inequalities. Transition towards environmental sustainability / greening of the economies: opportunity for economic growth, employment creation, and for reducing inequalities.

3 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Promote and manage responsibly the transition. Actions for a just transition. Responsibilities for office, governments and workers. Promote and manage responsibly the transition. Actions for a just transition. Responsibilities for office, governments and workers. Resolution: Resolution: -Opportunities and challenges of the transition -Guiding principles -Policies and measures for a just transition -Responsibilities of actors / parts -Annex: standards to guide the transition

4 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Main opportunities: Main opportunities: - job creation through investments - improving job quality and incomes - social inclusion through better energy access Main challenges: Main challenges: - economic restructuring, displacements, job losses in concentrated sectors - climate change adaptation needs - increase in energy prices or resource prices (impact on poor)

5 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Guiding principles Social dialogue. It hast to be a participating process. Social dialogue. It hast to be a participating process. Fundamental ILO rights respected. It has to take into consideration gender perspective. Fundamental ILO rights respected. It has to take into consideration gender perspective. Policies has to be coherent: labour, economy, environment, industry, social affaires, education. Policies has to be coherent: labour, economy, environment, industry, social affaires, education. Policies have to be adapted to national circumstances. Policies have to be adapted to national circumstances. International Cooperation International Cooperation Respect to a Just Transition Framework for all Respect to a Just Transition Framework for all

6 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Policies towards a just transition for all Macroeconomic policies towards full employment and greening sectors and economies. Investments. Employment creation in all supply chain in 8 key sectors. Macroeconomic policies towards full employment and greening sectors and economies. Investments. Employment creation in all supply chain in 8 key sectors. Industrial and sectoral policies based in social dialogue and collective bargaining. Push for formalization. Industrial and sectoral policies based in social dialogue and collective bargaining. Push for formalization. Fiscal policies, public procurement. Regulatory framework. SMES special attention. Fiscal policies, public procurement. Regulatory framework. SMES special attention. Skill and occupational training (142 convention) Skill and occupational training (142 convention)

7 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Policies towards a just transition for all Occupational health and safety (155, health services 161, chemicals 170, industrial accidents 174 ) Occupational health and safety (155, health services 161, chemicals 170, industrial accidents 174 ) Public protection policies. Social, integral and sustainable systems. (Recommendation 202, SS 102 Public protection policies. Social, integral and sustainable systems. (Recommendation 202, SS 102 Active labour market policies: information, data gathering, employment services. Active labour market policies: information, data gathering, employment services. Policies based on rights: freedom of association, collective bargaining, no discrimination, minimum wage. Policies based on rights: freedom of association, collective bargaining, no discrimination, minimum wage.

8 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development Government should: -Establish the framework to create green jobs and enterprise. Call social dialogue. -Guarantee coherence -Design programs to monitor policies Social actors should -Promote awareness raising and participation of its members. -Have an active role in policy design -Promote culture of dialogue

9 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development FIRST EXAMPLE – FISHING PERU One of the key sectors. Employs 50 million people. Key for food security. Impacted by climate change. One of the key sectors. Employs 50 million people. Key for food security. Impacted by climate change. 52 % of reserves are completely exploited and 25% are over exploited. Human consumption grows (9.9kg / 17kg – 2007). 52 % of reserves are completely exploited and 25% are over exploited. Human consumption grows (9.9kg / 17kg – 2007). Overexploitation provokes job losses. Overexploitation provokes job losses.

10 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development FIRST EXAMPLE – FISHING PERU Peru in the 4th in production. It has gone through several stock crises. Peru in the 4th in production. It has gone through several stock crises.

11 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development FIRST EXAMPLE – FISHING PERU Management of the crisis: everyman for himself Management of the crisis: everyman for himself Workers view management. Resource management. Sectoral policies Workers view management. Resource management. Sectoral policies 1.Avoid overexplotation. Quotas. 2.Promote fishing of other species. 3.Promote human direct consumption 4.Promote aquaculture

12 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development FIRST EXAMPLE – FISHING PERU

13 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development FIRST EXAMPLE – FISHING PERU Improving working conditions. Improving working conditions. Only 5% of workers enjoy decent jobs: a pension, a contract, a collective bargaining agreement, health insurance. Eighty-six% fishers have annual incomes inferior to the legal minimum wage Improving Improving pensions: The current requirement of 15 weeks’ work per year has to be adjusted for low production years Policies of support of the whole supply chain (canning, distribution) For active labour market policies that create other jobs. Policies of support of the whole supply chain (canning, distribution)

14 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development SECOND EXAMPLE – ENERGY GHANA Ghanaian greenhouse gases emissions. Only 0.03% of total. Ghanaian greenhouse gases emissions. Only 0.03% of total.

15 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development SECOND EXAMPLE – ENERGY GHANA Ghana has oil / 30% of people no access to energy / dumsor Ghana has oil / 30% of people no access to energy / dumsor Unions calculated workers have lost their jobs due to dumsor. The current power deficit is estimated at between 150 to 300MW. Hydro is reducing due to climate change and competition with neighbours. Chinese offer investment for a coal plant

16 Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development SECOND EXAMPLE – ENERGY GHANA Acces to energy / overcoming dumsor: solar electrification benefits. Investments in renewables: foreign aid, resources from oil revenues, long term investments against short term nor economic wise investments. Efficiency of the energy system: Role of workers. Rural electrification: training of workers.

Decent work, green jobs and sustainable development GRACIAS