BODY FUNCTION & STRUCTURE ~ STANDARD 12 I WILL…UNDERSTAND THE CATEGORIES AND TREATMENT PRINCIPLES OF MENTAL ILLNESS. Mental Illness

The mission of the Cane Ridge Academy of Health Management is to provide a solid academic foundation in a nurturing environment that prepares students with the professional skills necessary for post-secondary academics and healthcare related careers.

A MEDICAL CONDITION THAT DISRUPTS A PERSON'S THINKING, FEELING, MOOD, ABILITY TO RELATE TO OTHERS AND DAILY FUNCTIONING. NATIONAL ALLIANCE OF MENTAL ILLNESS  SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESSES INCLUDE MAJOR DEPRESSION, SCHIZOPHRENIA, BIPOLAR DISORDER, OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD), PANIC DISORDER, POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER.  THE GOOD NEWS ABOUT MENTAL ILLNESS IS THAT RECOVERY IS POSSIBLE.  MENTAL ILLNESSES CAN AFFECT PERSONS OF ANY AGE, RACE, RELIGION OR INCOME. MENTAL ILLNESSES ARE NOT THE RESULT OF PERSONAL WEAKNESS, LACK OF CHARACTER OR POOR UPBRINGING.  MENTAL ILLNESSES ARE TREATABLE. MOST PEOPLE DIAGNOSED WITH A SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS CAN EXPERIENCE RELIEF FROM THEIR SYMPTOMS BY ACTIVELY PARTICIPATING IN AN INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT PLAN. What is Mental Illness?

 MORE THAN 54 MILLION AMERICANS HAVE A MENTAL ILLNESS IN ANY GIVEN YEAR, ALTHOUGH VERY FEW ACTUALLY SEEK TREATMENT.  ONE IN FOUR ADULTS AND ONE IN FIVE CHILDREN WILL HAVE A MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIVES. STIGMA  THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH MENTAL ILLNESS IS STILL THE BIGGEST BARRIER THAT PREVENTS PEOPLE FROM GETTING TREATMENT OR RETAINING THEIR TREATMENT.  THERE ARE OVER 200 CLASSIFIED FORMS  THE FIVE (5) MAJOR CATEGORIES ARE (A) ANXIETY DISORDERS, (B) MOOD DISORDERS, (C) SCHIZOPHRENIA/PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS, (D) DEMENTIAS AND (F) EATING DISORDERS.  MENTAL ILLNESS IS REAL, MENTAL ILLNESS IS COMMON AND MENTAL ILLNESS IS TREATABLE!

THE DSM WAS DEVELOPED IN 1952 BY THE AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. MANUAL ALLOWED CLINICIANS TO CLASSIFY, DOCUMENT, & CATEGORIZE PATIENTS. Diagnostic & Statistical Manual

25 Fundamental Treatment Principles Freedoms and basic rights Protection of minors Life in the community Determination of mental illness Medical examination Confidentiality Role of community and culture Standards of care Treatment Medication Consent to treatment Notice of rights Rights and conditions in mental health facilities Resources for mental health facilities Admission principles Involuntary admission Review body Procedural safeguards Access to information Criminal offenders Complaints Monitoring and remedies Implementation Scope of principles relating to mental health facilities Saving of existing rights

Personality Disorders 101 Paranoid Withdrawn OCDOCD AntisocialAntisocial Narcissistic

Definition: Personality Disorder an enduring pattern of maladaptive behavior features of these disorders usually become recognizable during adolescence or early adult life should not be confused with personality trait

CLUSTER A CLUSTER B CLUSTER C Three Types of Personality Disorders:

Cluster A Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal Defining characteristics of Cluster A: Eccentric Withdrawal behavior

Cluster B Antisocial, Histrionic Narcissistic Defining characteristics of Cluster B: Dramatic Dramatic Emotional Emotional Erratic/explosive Erratic/explosive Likes to be center of attention Likes to be center of attention

Cluster C Avoidant, Co-Dependent, Obsessive - Compulsive Defining characteristics of Cluster C: Anxious Fearful

Paranoid Personality Disorder Pervasive distrust & suspiciousness of others 1. suspects exploitation or deception of others 2. jealous & envious 3. hypersensitive (reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events) cont.

Paranoid Personality Disorder cont. 3. rigid 4. persistently bears grudges (i.e. unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights)

Schizoid Personality Disorder Pattern of detachment from social relationships Restricted range of expressions of emotions (cool, aloof, doesn’t react) cont.

Schizoid Personality Disorder cont. 1. neither desires nor enjoys close relationships (including being part of a family) 2. almost always chooses solitary activities 3. has little interest in sexual encounters 4. takes pleasure in few, if any activities 5. appear indifferent to praise or criticism of others

Schizotypal Personality Disorder Demonstrates many symptoms related to those of schizophrenia but of less severe nature cont.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder cont. 1. tends to be a loner; excessive social anxiety 2. appearance is odd, eccentric, or peculiar 3. unusual pattern of talking that is vague & abstract

4. usually demonstrates lack of emotions, but when emotions are shown, often seem inappropriate for circumstance 5. preoccupied by thoughts of magical nature Schizotypal Personality Disorder cont.

Antisocial Personality Disorder Disregard for and violation of rights of others cont.

Antisocial Personality Disorder cont. 1. unlawful behavior despite potential for arrest 2. deceitfulness (repeated lying, use of aliases, conning for personal profit or pleasure) 3. repeated physical fights or assaults

4. reckless disregard for safety of self or others 5. irresponsible 6. lack of remorse 7. evidence of this behavior appears before 15 years of age Antisocial Personality Disorder cont.

Borderline Personality Disorder Demonstrates unpredictability of self- image, in relationships & emotions cont.

Borderline Personality Disorder cont. 1. frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment 2. pattern of intense & unstable interpersonal relationships (idealization & devaluation) 3. impulsivity that is potentially self- damaging (spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating)

4. recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, threats, or self-mutilating behavior 5. chronic feelings of emptiness 6. difficulty controlling anger Borderline Personality Disorder cont.

Histrionic Personality Disorder Excessive emotions & attention seeking behavior behavior cont.

Histrionic Personality Disorder cont. 1. always wants to be center of attention 2. inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior 3. rapidly shifting & shallow expression of emotions

4. dramatic speech exaggerated with emotion 5. easily influenced by others or circumstances 6. considers relationships more intimate than they actually are Histrionic Personality Disorder cont.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Attitude that the world exists to meet his/her needs cont.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder cont. 1. sense of self-importance (exaggerates achievements & talents) 2. preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, beauty, or ideal love 3. believes he/she is “special” 4. has sense of entitlement cont.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder cont. 5. requires excessive admiration 6. takes advantage of others to achieve own ends 7. lacks empathy 8. often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him/her 9. arrogant, haughty behavior or attitude

Avoidant Personality Disorder Demonstrates pattern of social inhibition feelings of inadequacy hypersensitivity to negative situations cont.

Avoidant personality Disorder cont. 1. avoids interpersonal activities (occupational & social) 2. unwilling to get involved unless certain of being liked 3. shows restraint within intimate relationships (fear of ridicule)

5. views self as socially inept, inferior, or unappealing 6. reluctant to take personal risks or engage in new activities Avoidant personality Disorder cont.

Co-Dependent Personality Disorder Excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive & clinging behavior cont.

Dependent Personality Disorder cont. 1. difficulty making decisions without advice & reassurance 2. needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of life 3. difficulty expressing disagreement with others

4. difficulty initiating projects on own 5. goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance 6. feels helpless when alone Dependent Personality Disorder cont.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Preoccupation with orderliness & perfectionism cont.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder cont. 1. Preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization or schedules to extent that major point of activity is lost 2. Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion 3. Excessively devoted to work to exclusion of leisure activities & friendships cont.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder cont. 4. Reluctant to delegate tasks 5. Over conscientious, inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values 6. Unable to discard worn-out worthless objects 7. Rigid & stubborn cont.

Don’t confuse Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder withObsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Don’t confuse Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder with Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Individuals with OCD have obsessions and compulsions that are held in place by rituals, superstitions, and fears. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder individuals are “neat-freaks”.

1. DEFINE MENTAL ILLNESS 2. DEFINE DSM AND PURPOSE 3. LIST THE 5 CATEGORIES OF MENTAL ILLNESS 4. WHO DEVELOPED THE DSM? 5. WHAT PREVENTS PEOPLE FROM SEEKING TREATMENT? 6. WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS SUFFER? 7. WHAT PERCENTAGE OF CHILDREN SUFFER? 8. HOW MANY DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL ILLNESS ARE THERE CURRENTLY? Mental Illness Exit Ticket