Chapter 7 Energy and Power for Technology Unit 2 Energy and Power Technologies

2 2 Unit Energy and Power Technologies Chapter 7 Energy and Power for Technology Chapter 8Electricity to Electronics

3 Energy and Power for Technology 7 Chapter Section 7.1 Energy Basics Section 7.2Converting Energy to Power Section 7.3Impacts of Energy and Power Technology

4 7.1 Energy Basics Objectives  List the different forms of energy.  Explain renewable, nonrenewable, and unlimited energy resources. Content Vocabulary  energy  calorie  fossil fuel  solar heating system  solar cell  wind farm  hydroelectric power  geothermal energy

5 Graphic Organizer Use this graphic organizer to organize and write down information as you study. 7.1 Energy Basics

6 Get Started! What kinds of energy do you use throughout your day? 7.1 Energy Basics

7 Understanding Energy Coal is one example of a source of energy. Technology is needed to find and release coal’s energy. energy the capacity or ability to do work 7.1 Energy Basics

8 Forms of Energy There are many types of energy in nature. They are: 7.1 Energy Basics Mechanical energy, or energy in motion Thermal, or heat, energy Electrical energy Chemical energy Nuclear energy Light, or radiant, energy

9 Forms of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another. For example, coal can become thermal or electrical energy. 7.1 Energy Basics

10 Forms of Energy 7.1 Energy Basics

11 Energy Resources Energy sources are divided into three groups: 7.1 Energy Basics Renewable NonrenewableUnlimited

12 Renewable Sources Renewable sources come from plants and animals. Food and alcohol can renew or replace those sources if needed. Food energy is measured in calories. calorie the measure of energy in food 7.1 Energy Basics

13 Nonrenewable Sources Nonrenewable sources cannot be replaced once they are gone. Examples of nonrenewable sources are fossil fuels. fossil fuel fuel produced from the fossils of long-dead plants and animals 7.1 Energy Basics

14 Nonrenewable Sources Kinds of fossil fuels include: 7.1 Energy Basics CoalOil Natural gas Uranium

15 Unlimited Sources There are several types of energy sources that will not run out: Solar energy (solar heating systems and solar cells) solar cell a device that converts sunlight into electrical energy 7.1 Energy Basics solar heating system a system in which energy from the sun is used to heat a building

16 Unlimited Sources There are several types of energy sources that will not run out: Wind (wind farms) 7.1 Energy Basics wind farm a large collection of windmills located in an area that has fairly constant winds

17 Unlimited Sources There are several types of energy sources that will not run out: Flowing water (hydroelectric power) 7.1 Energy Basics hydroelectric power electricity generated by turbines that are propelled by flowing water

18 Unlimited Sources There are several types of energy sources that will not run out: Geothermal energy (geothermal energy) 7.1 Energy Basics geothermal energy heat energy produced under the earth’s crust

19 Unlimited Sources Harnessing an unlimited resource, like water power, can mean long-term solutions for energy conservation. 7.1 Energy Basics

20 Unlimited Sources 7.1 Energy Basics

Converting Energy to Power Objectives  Identify the most common forms of power.  Describe uses for each form of power. Content Vocabulary  power  horsepower  pneumatic power  hydraulic power  load  efficiency

22 Graphic Organizer Use this graphic organizer to organize and write down information as you study. 7.2 Converting Energy to Power

23 Get Started! What is the difference between power and energy? 7.2 Converting Energy to Power

24 Power and Work Power and energy are not the same things. Horsepower is a common measure of power. power a measure of work done over a certain period of time when energy is converted from one form to another or transferred from one place to another 7.2 Converting Energy to Power horsepower a measurement of power based on lifting; pounds one foot in one second

25 Forms of Power There are three forms of power: 7.2 Converting Energy to Power MechanicalElectricalFluid

26 Fluid Power When gas or fluids are put under pressure, they can control and transmit fluid power. 7.2 Converting Energy to Power

27 Fluid Power Pneumatic power and hydraulic power are two examples of fluid power. 7.2 Converting Energy to Power pneumatic power fluid power produced by putting a gas under pressure hydraulic power fluid power produced by putting a liquid under pressure

28 Power Systems Power systems drive and provide propulsion (motion or force) for other technological products and systems. Power systems must have a source of energy, a process, or a load. 7.2 Converting Energy to Power load the output force

29 Selecting Energy and Power Technologies Each day you decide what kind of energy and power technologies to use. It is important to consider efficiency when choosing energy-filled options. 7.2 Converting Energy to Power efficiency the ability to achieve a desired result with little effort and waste

30 Objectives  Identify forms of pollution resulting from energy and power technologies.  Describe methods to slow depletion of energy resources. Content Vocabulary  acid rain  greenhouse effect  energy conservation  recycle 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

31 Graphic Organizer Use this graphic organizer to organize and write down information as you study. 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

32 Get Started! What are some causes of pollution? 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

33 The Effects of Using Energy Using too much energy has created serious problems, such as: 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies Pollution Waste Heat Nuclear Waste Depletion of Resources

34 Pollution Pollution can contaminant the environment and our bodies. Acid rain is an example of a pollutant that falls to the earth. acid rain a weak sulfuric acid created when sulfur dioxide in the air mixes with rain and oxygen 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

35 Fossil Fuels The burning of fossil fuels produces many pollutants, such as: greenhouse effect increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by a rise in carbon dioxide 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies Acid rain Carbon monoxide Greenhouse effect

36 The Greenhouse Effect Acid rain and the pollutants discharged from an industrial society contaminate and project heat into the earth’s atmosphere. “Global warming” is an effect of too much heat produced. 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies The Greenhouse Effect

38 Waste Heat Heat produced by power plants enters bodies of water, which in turn can harm plants and animals. 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

39 Nuclear Waste Nuclear waste, or radioactive waste, is a solid left over after nuclear fuel is used up. 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

40 Depletion of Resources Earth has a limited supply of energy sources. In order to keep them around longer, we need to use energy conservation. energy conservation the management and efficient use of energy sources 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

41 Depletion of Resources One way to conserve is to recycle materials and products. recycle to reuse 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies

42 What You Can Do To help reduce the amount of pollution in the environment, follow a few simple energy conservation rules: 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies 1.Keep informed about what’s happening in the environment. Stay tuned to the media. 2.Set your home thermostat at or below 65 degrees (Fahrenheit) in the winter.

43 What You Can Do To help reduce the amount of pollution in the environment, follow a few simple energy conservation rules: 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies 3.Set your home thermostat at or below 78 degrees in the summer. 4.Take shorter showers and use less hot water. 5.Use low-energy efficient bulbs in your home.

44 What You Can Do To help reduce the amount of pollution in the environment, follow a few simple energy conservation rules: 7.3 Impacts of Energy and Power Technologies 6.Walk or bike instead of other gas-fueled modes of transportation. 7.Recycle plastic, glass, paper, and metal. 8.Use renewable or unlimited energy sources whenever possible.

45 Content Vocabulary Check 1. energy 2. calorie 3. fossil fuel 4. solar heating system 5. solar cell 6. wind farm energy The capacity or ability to do work 7 Chapter Review Energy and Power for Technology calorie The measure of energy in food fossil fuel Fuel produced from the fossils of long-dead plants and animals solar heating system A system in which energy from the sun is used to heat a building solar cell A device that converts sunlight into electrical energy wind farm A large collection of windmills located in an area that has fairly constant winds

46 Content Vocabulary Check 7. hydroelectric power 8. geothermal energy 9. power 10. horsepower 11. pneumatic power 12. hydraulic power hydroelectric power Electricity generated by turbines that are propelled by flowing water 7 Chapter Review Energy and Power for Technology geothermal energy Heat energy produced under the earth’s crust power A measure of work done over a certain period of time when energy is converted from one form to another or transferred from one place to another horsepower A measurement of power based on lifting; pounds one foot in one second pneumatic power Fluid power produced by putting a gas under pressure hydraulic power Fluid power produced by putting a liquid under pressure

47 Content Vocabulary Check 13. load 14. efficiency 15. acid rain 16. greenhouse effect 17. energy conservation 18. recycle load The output force 7 Chapter Review Energy and Power for Technology efficiency The ability to achieve a desired result with little effort and waste acid rain A weak sulfuric acid created when sulfur dioxide in the air mixes with rain and oxygen greenhouse effect Increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by a rise in carbon dioxide energy conservation The management and efficient use of energy sources recycle To reuse

48 7 Chapter Review Energy and Power for Technology Answers 1. renewable—food and alcohol; nonrenewable—fossil fuels; unlimited—solar, wind, water, or geothermal 2. mechanical—riding a bicycle; electric—home lighting; fluid—pneumatic paint sprayers or hydraulic braking systems; other answers possible 3. water, air, or ground pollution 4. One way is to develop alternative fuel sources; another way is to conserve energy. 5. The waste is placed in special concrete containers which are stored; the storage area is closely monitored for radioactive leakage. Quick Check 1. Identify renewable, nonrenewable, and unlimited energy resources. 2. Describe uses for each form of power. 3. Identify forms of pollution. 4. Describe ways to slow depletion of energy resources. 5. Discuss the disposal of nuclear waste.

End of Chapter 7 Energy and Power for Technology