Shakespeare Pre-reading

Comedies Measure for Measure The Merry Wives of Windsor The Merchant of Venice (1596-7) A Midsummer Night’s Dream Tragedies King Lear Othello Romeo and Juliet Historical plays Henry Ⅵ Richard Ⅱ PoetryThe Sonnets A Lover's Complaint An English playwright & poet ( ) William Shakespeare

1. How many main characters are there in the play? 2. What is the relationship between them? 3.Why did Antonio borrow money from Shylock? 4.What does the agreement say? While-reading

friends lovers Main characters: Shylock: a moneylender Antonio: a merchant Bassanio: a poor man Portia: a rich and beautiful lady Nerissa: Portia’s maid Duke: a nobleman of high rank

What does Shylock say when 1. Bassanio offers him twice the money? 2. Bassanio offers him ten times the money? And why? 3. Portia says: “If you let one drop of his blood fall, you will lose all your land and all your money?” 4. Portia says: “ The law of Venice says that if anyone tries to kill or murder any citizen of Venice, everything that he owns shall be taken away from him”? While-reading or listening

Discussion 1. What kind of person do you think Shylock is? Why? 2. Which character do you like best? Why? 3. If you were Shylock, could you win the case? How? Post-reading or listening

1. (The last para. on Page 62) Mercy brings good. Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth. It blesses those who give it, and those who receive it. We should learn to show mercy to others. ---Portia Appreciation

2. (Line 22, Page 63) I love you more than my own life, more than my wife, and more than all the world. ----Bassanio.

3. (Line 21, Page 64) My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself. They are my only comfort. When you take those away from me, you also take my life Shylock

1. (Line 13, P 61) In the agreement, Antonio made a promise// to allow Shylock to take a pound of his flesh from whatever part of his body// if he did not pay the money back at the end of three months. Long sentences:

2. (Line17, P61) At the time//when Bassanio and Portia were getting married//, a letter arrived from Antonio, saying that all his ships had been lost at sea and that he would have to give Shylock a pond of his flesh.

1. be always ready to help others 2. trade (sth.) with sb. 3. be/fall in love with sb. 4. scold/blame sb publicly for 5. get married/hurt/lost/burnt 6. make/keep/break one`s promise promise sb. sth./promise to do 7. dress oneself as/dress up/be dressed in Important phrases:

9. have mercy on at the mercy of=in the power of beg sb. for mercy 10.It’s useless(=no use) doing 11.take one’s seat=sit down/be seated 12.get down on one’s knees 13.on condition that... =if in good/poor/excellent condition on no condition--- not at all

=even if 即使 I will go if I die for it. If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not break my word. 1. If you offered me six times what you have offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. =six times the money that you have offered 六倍于你所给的钱 Difficult points:

数字 + times + what 从句 数字 + times + the money(the size/ the width/the length/the depth) + of 几倍于 … 的钱（尺寸 / 宽度 / 长度 / 深度） 数字 + times bigger than 比 …… 大几倍 数字 + times as big as 是 …… 的几倍 EXX. 这个房间是那个房间的四倍大。

2. He is young, but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head. so/how/too/that + 形容词 + a + 名词 eg. It is so difficult a book for us. How wonderful a book it is ！ I have never read that difficult a book before. English is too easy a subject for me.

3. You want justice, so you shall get justice. shall 与第二、三人称连用时， 表 示 “ 警告 / 许诺 / 命令 / 决心 / 强制等. See Lesson 43 Page 64

The law of Venice says that if anyone tries to kill or murder any citizen of Venice, everything that he owns shall be taken away from him. One half of his money and his goods shall be given to the cit of Venice and the other half shall be given to the person he has tried to kill. His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke. Translate the following:

Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan. You shall be sorry for what you have done, I tell you. When he comes in, nobody shall say a word. You shall have a nice present for your birthday.

主动 被动 to do to be done to be doing to be being done to have done to have been done 不定式 to do Grammar: 否定形式 复合结构 not to do for sb to do

To learn chemistry well isn ’ t easy. (It isn ’ t easy to learn chemistry well.) How to solve the problem is very important. Our work is to clean the windows. My question is when to start. 注意： 1 谓语用单数形式 2 用 it 做形式主语 主语、表语

We intend to have a picnic on Sunday. I find it interesting to work with him. I don’t know how to work it out. Our teacher encourages us to read more. I’ll show you how to find the museum. 句型： 1 动词 + to do/how to do 2 动词 + sb. to do/sb. how to do 3 动词 + it + 形容词 + to do 宾语、宾补

I have a lot of work to do. (do a lot of work) He had no room to live in. (live in no room) The farmers thought of ways to protect their crops. (=ways of protecting … ) He is the first to come every day. (the first comes) 定 语

We eat to live. We don’t live to eat. People shake their heads in order to show disagreement. He works hard so as to catch up with the others in his class. He works so hard as to catch up with the others in his class. We were very excited to hear the news. He woke up only to find everybody gone. in order to do 目的 so as to do 目的 so…as to do 结果 only to do （ 未预料到的）结果 状 语

找出不定式短语并判断做什么成分 They don’t like to be too close to one another. They will move back to keep a certain distance away. Would you like me to do something for you?

Have you got anything to say? It is a pleasure to meet you. Waving one’s hand is to say “Goodbye”. I don’t know how to communicate with foreigners.

非谓语动词 答题技巧 一看缺谓语还是非谓语 二看主被动关系 三看时间关系

辨别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 is writing written have written wrote to have been written write have been written to write have been writing writes having written is written being written writing

辨别缺少谓语动词还是非谓语动词 1.He had his leg ___(break) while ___ (play) football. 2. ___(not do) such difficulty work before, he felt it was terribly hard for him. 3. The students, ___(work) hard the whole term, want to relax themselves during the summer holidays. 4. The young man, ___(believe) to be the son of the detective ___(bite) by a snake and died.

重点、难点 状 语 定 语 宾 补

状语 分 词 ---- 时间、原因、伴随 不定式 ---- 目的、结果

用所给动词的正确形式填空 (doing/done/to do) ____(knock) down by a car, she had to stay in bed for some days. ___ (no receive) any news from home for so long, she got more and more homesick. ____ (cross) the street, she was knocked down by a motorbike. ____(heat), water will turn into vapor.

One woman was lying in bed, awake, ____ (listen) to the rushing winds. The teacher came into the classroom, ____(follow) by some students. ____ (catch) the first bus, he got up very early. He went back only _____(find) his house broken into.

定语 现在分词 ---- 进行 现在分词 ---- 进行 过去分词 ---- 完成 过去分词 ---- 完成 不 定 式 ---- 将来 不 定 式 ---- 将来

The house ____(build) now will be used as our classroom building. The house ____(build) next month will be used as our classroom building. The house ____(build) last year will be used as our classroom building.

 I heard him singing a song in the next room.  I heard him sing a song just now.  I heard a song sung by him in English. 注意： 1 判断非谓语动词与宾语的 主被动关系 2 判断时间关系

1.Do you like the room ____________ now? A. cleaning B. to be cleaned C. cleaned D. being cleaned 2. He had his leg ______ while playing football. A. breaking B. to break C. broken D. be broken being cleaned broken