COPS, 2 nd Mai 2013, H. Leuenberger Promotion of Green Industries in Recycling Heinz Leuenberger PhD Director, Environmental Management Branch

Global Trends: Growth in economy, energy and emissions

Regional Energy Consumption per Capita

Regional Resource Consumption per Capita Source: Dittrich, M. et al., Green Economies Around the World, Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI), Vienna, 2012 tonnes per capita per year Sustainable consumption

The Green Industry Challenge

THE GREEN INDUSTRY INITIATIVE Greening of Industries Helping enterprises improve resource productivity and environmental performance Creating New Green Industries Establishing new operations delivering environmental goods and services  Efficient use of materials, energy and water  Reduction of wastes and emissions  Safe and responsible management of chemicals, renewable raw materials  Phasing out toxic substances  Substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy sources  Using recycled raw-materials  Product and process redesign, Green Chemistry  Reduce, reuse and recycle (3R) industries  Pollution control technology and equipment  Renewable and energy-efficient technologies  Re-engineering of production processes and redesign of products  Waste management and resource recovery  Environmental advisory and analytical services

Resource Efficiency: Savings Opportunities  US$ 2.9 trillion savings in 2030 from capturing the resource productivity potential  Rising to US$ 3.7 trillion if carbon is priced at $30 per tonne, subsidies on water, energy, and agriculture are eliminated, and energy taxes are removed  15 opportunities can deliver about 75% of total resource productivity benefits, for example: Source: McKinsey (2011) Reducing food waste Reducing municipal water leakage Higher energy efficiency in the iron and steel industry Increasing transport fuel efficiency Improving end-use steel efficiency Improving power plant efficiency

Business as Usual is Not Necessary Source: McKinsey (2011)

GI Flagship: Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production  Continuous application of preventive environmental strategies to processes, products and services to increase efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment 1. RECP addresses three sustainability dimensions individually and synergistically:  Production efficiency  Through improved productive use of natural resources by enterprises  Environmental management  Through minimization of the impact on nature by enterprises  Human development  Through reduction of risks to people and communities from enterprises and supporting their development 2. Since 1994, promoted globally through support for set up of National Cleaner Production Centres, in 50 developing and transition countries, 3. Main Donors: Switzerland, Austria, Norway and EU

Raw Material Life Cycle Source: UNEP (2011) Recycling Rates of Metals: A Status Report

Savings from the Recycling Industry *Source: BIR Study on the Environmental Benefits of Recycling (2009)

Certainly wrong approach for efficient gold recovery Fotos BAN −75% of gold is lost, even more of silver and palladium −Dramatic environmental & health impact photo EMPA *source: Huisman, Kühr et. al: WEEE review report, 2007 But shredding PCs without removing the boards does not provide better yields! −75% of gold is lost, even more of silver and palladium

Recycling industry sector  Recycled materials supply 40% of the global raw material needs  Approximately 1.6 million people worldwide are active in the recycling industry  They handle more than 600 million tonnes of recyclables every year  With an annual turnover of more than $200 billion, similar to the GDP of countries such as Portugal, Colombia and Malaysia, the sector has already become a key driver for tomorrow’s sustainable development  About 10% of this amount is spent on new technologies, research and development that contribute to creating high-skilled jobs and making recycling more efficient and environmentally sound. Source: Bureau International Recycling (2009)

End-of-Life (post consumer) functional recycling rate (EOL-RR) for 60 metals Source: UNEP (2011) Recycling Rates of Metals: A Status Report

Materials in e-waste  Up to 60 different elements (metals, plastics and other substances)  Metals represent 23% of the weight of a phone (majority copper)  1 t of phone headsets (without battery) contain 3.5kg Ag, 340g Au, 140g Pd and 130kg Cu → Recover metals from e-waste in an environmental sound manner needs only a fraction of energy compared to primary mining ores

Thank you