Introductory Physics

How we describe motion Speed – how fast something is moving Velocity – speed and direction Acceleration – change in velocity Acceleration of Gravity – 9.8 m/s 2

How we describe motion Momentum – an object’s mass X velocity Force – required to change on object’s momentum Mass – amount of matter Weight – force measured by a scale, mass X gravity’s accel.

Free-Fall Free-fall – no resistance to slow you down Free-fall leads to being weightless Astronauts are in a constant state of free- fall – If you move fast enough, you can fall continually

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s First Law

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s Second Law

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s Second Law

Newton’s Laws of Motion Newton’s Third Law

Angular Momentum Similar to momentum, but moving in a circle L = m X v X r Angular momentum is conserved

ENERGY

Types of Energy Kinetic Energy – involves motion Radiative Energy – involves light Potential Energy – might later be converted to other forms of energy

Thermal Energy

Potential Energy

Gravitational Potential

Conservation Laws Conservation of momentum Conservation of angular momentum Conservation of energy

Force of Gravity

Newton’s Law vs. Kepler’s Law

Newton’s LawKepler’s Law Newton’s Kepler’s Law

Gravity, Energy and Orbits Orbital Energy

Gravity, Energy and Orbits Gravitational Encounter

Gravity, Energy and Orbits Escape Velocity

Tides Spring TidesNeap Tides

Tides