Medical Applications 6 contributions on Particle therapy: Magnets for Accelerators Gantries 2 contributions on magnet design: fast ramping SC magnets Special Magnet for experiment 100 Tm (1.5 T) 300 Tm (4.5 T) 1 T/s Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Joseph Minervini, MIT MEVION S250 Very small / light cyclotron For therapy Coil construction SC Cyclotron for PET Isotope Production Easy to operate Small footprint Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Joseph Minervini, MIT CONCLUSION: Ironless Synchrocyclotron Shielding coils Main coil CONCLUSION: SC magnets in a cyclotron make sense: lighter and smaller Ironless or nearly ironless cyclotrons are feasible Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Gantries: Yoshiyuki Iwata, NIRS Marco Schippers, PSI Alex Gerbershagen, PSI Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

scanning Down-stream scanning: + small aperture, - large radius because of SAD - small spots difficult X Y Rgantry X Y Rgantry Up-stream scanning: + parallel + small gantry radius + small spots possible - wide aperture SC magnet SAD = 1.5 m Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Yoshiyuki Iwata, NIRS Curved 18-26 degr ~3 T 0.3 T/s LHe free Combined function SC magnets （BM01～BM06） 　→No quadrupole magnet required Scanning magnets on top 　→Large scan size 　→Square irradiation field 　→Parallel beam Curved 18-26 degr ~3 T 0.3 T/s LHe free Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Keep fast E change: dB/dt > 10%/s (≈ 0.8 T/s) Alex Gerbershagen, PSI Marco Schippers, PSI Gantry2  SC magnets Keep fast E change: dB/dt > 10%/s (≈ 0.8 T/s) Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Beam Optics Gantry-2: NC & SC Alex Gerbershagen, PSI Marco Schippers, PSI Beam Optics Gantry-2: NC & SC Gantry 2 optics: Momentum acceptance: Δp/p = 0.7 % Q M L 1 2 A 3 4 5 6 7 W T U K B P G D H C S I O E N D=0 Dispersion (1%dp) SC Bending sections: dipole +combined Q+D : dispersion suppression => Very large momentum acceptance: Δp/p > 10 % D=0 S M D 5 Q 1 3 4 A L B C 2 E F 6 7 K U P G H 2 x 45° bending magnets +3 quadrupoles 3 x 20° bending magnets 3 x 20° bending magnets W S M Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Alex Gerbershagen, PSI Large energy acceptance:  20% Energy modulation (≈30% of Range) without dB/dt Achromatic  POSITION of pencil beam CONSTANT for all E  BUT : pencil beam size will vary with E => imaging correction necessary with two nc quads Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI 9

Shlomo Caspi and Lucas Brouwer, LBNL Canted Coil Solenoid Canted Cosine Theta Mandrels  easy winding Curved multipoles Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Shlomo Caspi Lucas Brouwer, LBNL Multi layer options  The CCT advantages:reduce stress, improve training and “short-sample” expectation, field quality etc The CCT design is well suited for curved SC gantry magnets Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

SIS300 dipoles: fast cycled and curved magnet Fabricatore, INFN 100 Tm (1.5 T) 300 Tm (4.5 T) 1 T/s SIS300 dipoles: fast cycled and curved magnet Field quality is depressed at low field. This effect is independent on ramp rate 1- Persistent currents in SC filaments  2- Inter-filaments/strands coupling currents  ac losses and perturbation of field quality. IMPORTANT PARAMETERS: Filament diameter Nr strands Interfilament matrix Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Fabricatore, INFN Conclusions: dB/dt : limitations are mainly determined by ac losses. few T/s => eddy currents in metallic structures and yokes, However: field quality OK Intrastrand coupling currents: major source of field quality perturbation A low loss wire will be one of the main issues for future developments Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Renuka Rajput Ghoshal , Jefferson Lab Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Design Iterations: Renuka Rajput Ghoshal , Jefferson Lab Cryogenic Cooling Design Original Design Optimized Design Pressure Atm Sub-atm LHe temp 4.2K 3.6K Temp Margin 1.12K 1.71K SC Correction coils Original Design Optimized Design Location OD of main magnet coils (far from target area) Inside the bore – (close to target area) Size Large (Ø ~1.5m) Small (Ø ~50mm) Comment Needs very strong coils to compensate for field uniformity Needs less field & easier to assemble Final design will be based on field map of the rest of the magnet Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI

Discussion Damage, distinguish: Low dose (rate)  damage of insulation Medium doses  heating of SC or NC matrix: quench risk Types of SC: Experiences, Nb3Sn, HTC: almost “normally used” Power vs energy consumption in dB/dt (cryocoolers use ~8kW) Medical Applications Summary BeMa workshop dec. 2014 Marco Schippers,PSI