WHO AM I? A NEW LOOK AT MOTIVATION PRC Workshop # 4 April 29, 2010 PRC Workshop # 4 April 29, 2010

ACTIVITY 1-Minute Pause Why do you do what you do? What motivates you? 1-Minute Pause Why do you do what you do? What motivates you?

CONNECT - PAST Aristotle Pleasure Principle Behaviour Analysis Maslow Aristotle Pleasure Principle Behaviour Analysis Maslow

ARISTOTLE 384 BC BC Motives Means & Ends (goals) 384 BC BC Motives Means & Ends (goals)

PLEASURE PRINCIPLE 2 Motives Maximize pleasure Minimize pain Hedonists Nature uses these motives to prod us to do what is needed for health and survival 2 Motives Maximize pleasure Minimize pain Hedonists Nature uses these motives to prod us to do what is needed for health and survival

BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS No need to pay attention to motives 2 reasons why people act Get something Avoid something No need to pay attention to motives 2 reasons why people act Get something Avoid something

ABRAHAM MASLOW Body Safety Belonging & Love Self-esteem Self-Actualization Body Safety Belonging & Love Self-esteem Self-Actualization

CONNECT - FUTURE Advantage Your desire profile identify your most basic desires (holds secrets of who you are) tool for self-discovery & self- awareness determines what you need to gain value-based happiness (sense that life is meaningful) Advantage Your desire profile identify your most basic desires (holds secrets of who you are) tool for self-discovery & self- awareness determines what you need to gain value-based happiness (sense that life is meaningful)

BIG PICTURE Everybody’s different Human desire is multifaceted NEW research-based theory 16 Desires The relative importance you place on each of the 16 desires is what makes you unique Everybody’s different Human desire is multifaceted NEW research-based theory 16 Desires The relative importance you place on each of the 16 desires is what makes you unique

GOALS Define motivation Complete your 16 Desires Profile Examine how your profile helps explain your personality (+) and (-) interactions with others Define motivation Complete your 16 Desires Profile Examine how your profile helps explain your personality (+) and (-) interactions with others

INFORMATIONINFORMATION

LOOK IN THE MIRROR Why do you do what you do?

BEHAVIOUR What you do Your actions Effort to satisfy your desires What you do Your actions Effort to satisfy your desires

MOTIVATION Why you do what you do

16 DESIRES MODEL Dr. Steven Reiss

DESIRES Common to human species & animals Have a genetic origin How we satisfy our desires is determined by culture, individual experiences, beliefs Common to human species & animals Have a genetic origin How we satisfy our desires is determined by culture, individual experiences, beliefs

DESIRES “What we desire is largely determined by our genes, but how we fulfill our desires is largely determined by culture and experience.”

QUALITIES of DESIRES Motivate everyone Psychological needs that are temporarily satiated What we want Values Explain behaviour Motivate everyone Psychological needs that are temporarily satiated What we want Values Explain behaviour

ORDER vs. ACCEPTANCE Different desires can motivate the same behaviour

SATISFACTION Relationships Work Family Sports Spirituality Relationships Work Family Sports Spirituality

INTENSITY of DESIRES The same desire at varying intensities produces different personality traits Ex., SAVING wasteful - spender - frugal - miserly The same desire at varying intensities produces different personality traits Ex., SAVING wasteful - spender - frugal - miserly

SATISFACTION - FRUSTRATION Satisfaction of a desire produces good feelings Frustration of a desire produces negative feelings Satisfaction of a desire produces good feelings Frustration of a desire produces negative feelings

HAPPINESS Feel-good pleasant sensations short-lived Value-based general sense of well-being when life is meaningful enduring Feel-good pleasant sensations short-lived Value-based general sense of well-being when life is meaningful enduring

REISS MOTIVATION PROFILE 128 items

POWER Desire to influence others Satisfied by achievement and leadership Satisfaction - competence End goals - achievement, leadership, competence Desire to influence others Satisfied by achievement and leadership Satisfaction - competence End goals - achievement, leadership, competence

CURIOSITY Desire for knowledge Read, write, think, explore new places Satisfaction - wonder End goals - knowledge, truth Desire for knowledge Read, write, think, explore new places Satisfaction - wonder End goals - knowledge, truth

INDEPENDENCE Desire for self-reliance Need to feel free Do things with minimal or no assistance Satisfaction - freedom End goal - freedom Desire for self-reliance Need to feel free Do things with minimal or no assistance Satisfaction - freedom End goal - freedom

STATUS Desire for social standing Impressed by being rich, designer labels, royalty, celebrities Satisfaction - superiority End goals - wealth, titles, attention, awards Desire for social standing Impressed by being rich, designer labels, royalty, celebrities Satisfaction - superiority End goals - wealth, titles, attention, awards

SOCIAL CONTACT Desire for companionship Sociability vs. privacy Satisfaction - fun End goals - friendship, fun Desire for companionship Sociability vs. privacy Satisfaction - fun End goals - friendship, fun

VENGEANCE Desire to get even (seek revenge) with people who offend us Satisfaction - vindication End goals - winning, aggression Desire to get even (seek revenge) with people who offend us Satisfaction - vindication End goals - winning, aggression

HONOR Desire to be loyal to one’s parents and heritage Satisfaction - loyalty End goals - morality, character, loyalty Desire to be loyal to one’s parents and heritage Satisfaction - loyalty End goals - morality, character, loyalty

IDEALISM Desire for social justice or fairness Involvement and altruism Satisfaction - compassion End goals - fairness, justice Desire for social justice or fairness Involvement and altruism Satisfaction - compassion End goals - fairness, justice

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Desire for exercise of muscles Sports and athletics Satisfaction - vitality End goal - fitness Desire for exercise of muscles Sports and athletics Satisfaction - vitality End goal - fitness

ROMANCE Desire for sex and beauty Aesthetics (appreciation of beauty) - physical beauty, art, music Satisfaction - ecstacy End goals - beauty, sex Desire for sex and beauty Aesthetics (appreciation of beauty) - physical beauty, art, music Satisfaction - ecstacy End goals - beauty, sex

FAMILY Desire to raise and love your own children Motivates parents to take care of and sacrifice for their children Satisfaction - feel needed End goal - children Desire to raise and love your own children Motivates parents to take care of and sacrifice for their children Satisfaction - feel needed End goal - children

ORDER Desire for organization organize, make plans, make a schedule, set rules, make things neat or clean Satisfaction - comfort End goals - cleanliness, stability, organization Frustration - discomfort Desire for organization organize, make plans, make a schedule, set rules, make things neat or clean Satisfaction - comfort End goals - cleanliness, stability, organization Frustration - discomfort

ORDER Psychologically, rituals represent an attempt to impose order, increase familiarity, and reduce ambiguity

EATING Desire to consume food Includes hunting, shopping, preparing, dining, eating Satisfaction - satiation End goals - food, dining, hunting Desire to consume food Includes hunting, shopping, preparing, dining, eating Satisfaction - satiation End goals - food, dining, hunting

ACCEPTANCE Desire for inclusion Motivates us to avoid rejection & criticism Satisfaction - self-confidence End goals - positive self-image, self-worth Desire for inclusion Motivates us to avoid rejection & criticism Satisfaction - self-confidence End goals - positive self-image, self-worth

TRANQUILITY Desire for emotional calm Absence of turmoil, disturbance, anxiety Satisfaction - relaxation End goals - relaxation, safety Desire for emotional calm Absence of turmoil, disturbance, anxiety Satisfaction - relaxation End goals - relaxation, safety

SAVING Desire to collect things Motivates us to save money, hoard items of interest, avoid waste Satisfaction - prudence Frustration - wastefulness Desire to collect things Motivates us to save money, hoard items of interest, avoid waste Satisfaction - prudence Frustration - wastefulness

ACTIVITY THINK-PAIR-SHARE Cut out the 16 Desires and prioritize them into 1st, 2nd, 3rd. Which desires have the 1st (highest) priority? Which desires have the 3rd (lowest) priority? Does your profile explain your personality? Cut out the 16 Desires and prioritize them into 1st, 2nd, 3rd. Which desires have the 1st (highest) priority? Which desires have the 3rd (lowest) priority? Does your profile explain your personality?

RELATIONSHIPS Bonding when profiles are similar Separation when profiles are dissimilar Bonding when profiles are similar Separation when profiles are dissimilar

MISCOMMUNICATION Not getting it Self-hugging Everyday tyranny Not getting it Self-hugging Everyday tyranny

MISCOMMUNICATION “We tend to get along with people at work who have similar desire profiles, but we often misunderstand those who have dissimilar profiles. In fact, we may not even realize that some of the problems we have with people at work are related to differences in how strongly we value a basic desire.”

AGING Stability after age 14 Become weaker Biological desires 30 Power & status 40 Become stronger Psychological desires Tranquility 56 Stability after age 14 Become weaker Biological desires 30 Power & status 40 Become stronger Psychological desires Tranquility 56

QUESTIONS